114 OF THE STALK. 



^rticulaf US /jomted, as in Agrostis alba^ t. 1189, Aira 

 canescensy t. 1190, Avena strigosa, t. 1266, and 

 most other grasses ; 

 Geniculatus, bent like the knee, as Alopecurus genicu- 



latus, t. 1250. 

 It is either soUd or hollow, round or triangular, 

 rough or smooth, sometimes hairy or downy, scarcely 

 woolly. I know of no instance of sueh a scaly culm as 

 Linnseus has figured mhis Fhilosophia Botanicay t. 4.y^ 

 111, nor can I conceive what he had in view. 



o, ScAPus. A Stalk, springs from the Root, and 

 bears the flowers and fruit, but not the leaves. Pri- 

 mula vulgaris^ the Primrose, Engl. Bot. t. 4, and P. 

 veris, the Cowslip, t. 5, are examples of it. In the 

 former the stalk is simple and single-flowered; in the 

 latter subdivided and many flowered. It is either 

 naked, as in Narcissus, Engl. Bot. t. 1 7, or scaly, as 

 in Tussilago Farfara, t. 429. In others of this last 

 genus, t. 430 and 431, the scales become leafy, and 

 render the Scapus a proper Caulis.{35) 

 The Stalk is spiral in Cyclajnen, Engl. Bot. t. 548> 



and Valisneria spiralis, a wonderful plant, whose history 



will be detailed hereafter. 



Linnaeus believed* that a plant could not be increased 



by its Scapusy which in general is correct, but we have 



{ob) [Plants furnished with the stalk, or, as it is more fre- 

 quently rendered, scape ; come under the head of Acaules, or 

 stendess plants, p. 112. Thus the Daffodil, Dandelion, and many 

 of the Violets are stemless plants.] 



* MSS. m Phil. Bot. 40. 



