LINNiEAN OHlJKRS. 311 



2. Muse I. Mosses, which have real separate leaves, 

 and often a stem ; a hood-like corolla, or calyptra, 

 bearing the style, and concealing the capsule, which 

 at length rises on a stalk with the calyptra, and opens 

 by a lid. 



3. Hepatic^. Liverworts, whose herb is a frond, 

 being leaf and stem united, and whose capsules do not 

 open with a lid. Linnseus comprehends this Order 

 under the following. 



4. Alg^e. Flags, whose herb is likewise a frond, and 

 whose seeds are imbedded, either in its very sub- 

 stance, or in the disk of some appropriate receptacle. 



5. Fungi. Mushrooms, destitute of herbage, bearing 

 their fructification in a fleshy substance. 



Such are ,the principles of the Linnasan Classes and 

 Orders, which have the advantage of all other systems in 

 facility, if not conformity to the arrangement of nature ; 

 the latter merit they do not claim. They are happily 

 founded on two organs, not only essential to a plant, but 

 both necessarily present at the same time ; for though 

 the Orders of the 14th and I5ih Classes are distinguish- 

 ed by the fruit, they can be clearly ascertained even in 

 the earliest state of the germen.* 



* An instance apparently to the contrary occurs in the history 

 •f my Hastingia coccinea, Exot. Bol. t. 80, a plant most evident- 

 ly, both by character and natural affinity, belonging to the Didy- 

 namia Gymno?/iermia^ but as I could no where find it described 

 in that Order, I concluded it to be unpublished ; and was not a 

 little surprised to be told some time afterwards, that it was ex- 

 tant in the works of my friends Retzius and Willdenow, under 



