m 



126 



1:26 



126 



t23 

 }2S 

 123 



130 

 130 



132 

 132 



134 



134 



136 

 136 



138 

 138 



140 

 140 



142 



14-2 



144 

 144 



146 



146 



SYNOPSIS OP" THE NATURAL SYSTEM. 



Stamens 4. Shrub evergreen, in soil. lyuTiis. - Euphorbiaceje. CXXI, 



Stamens 4. Parasite on trees, evergreen. ... 57 (LXX.^ 



Stalr^en3 8. Shrubs witli scurfy leaves. ----- Eleagnaceje. CXV, 

 § 5. Orders of the AglumEtceous EudogcMs. 



127 Shrnbs (climbing). ... 140 



127 Herbs. . . . 128 



Perianth complete, of 6 parts (or 4, v/hiire), never on a spadi.^. . . . IS2 



Perianth complete, but obr^cured in a small roundish head. . . . 146 



Perianth none or incomplete, mostly on a spadix. . . . 129 



129 Plants terrestrial (or orra thick scape). . . . 13{) 



129 Plants growing in water. . . . 131 __ ; 



S^padix with a spatlie, or on a scape. ------ Araceje. CXXXIV. 



Spadi.v:"? with no spathe and on a leafy stem. - - Typhaces. CXXXVL 

 131 Root tloatirrg in Vv-ater, plant on the surface. - - Lemnace^. CXXXV. 

 131 Root fixed in the mud. Plant submersed. -Naiadaceje. CXXXVII. 

 Perianth adhering to the ovary (in the perfect flowers). . . . 133 



Perranth frcefrcni theo\-ary. . . . 138 



133 Fls. monoecious or dioecious. Aquatic. HydrogharidacEjE. CXXXIX, 

 133 Flowers perfect. Plants terrestrial. . . . 1-34 



Flowers irregular. ... 135 



Flowers regular. . . . 136 



135 Stamens 1 or 2, adhering to the pistil (gynandrons). Orchidacit.e. CXLv 



Indian shot. - 



Cannace^. CXLIV. 



iRIDACBiE. CXLIX. 



Amaeyllidace;e. CXLVIL 



HiEJJODORACEjE. CXLVIIF, 



- Ir!dacb.e. CXLIX. 



- Di£>scoiseace«. CL, 



- Smilacace^. CLI. 

 Melant«ace«. CLV. 



149 

 149 

 149 

 149 



151 

 15J 



135 Stamens 1, free from the pistil, 



135 Stamens 3, anthers extrorse. 



Stamens 3. . . . 137 



Stamens 6. ------------ 



1-37 Anthers introrse. Perianth woolly outside. 



137 Anthers extrorse. Perianth smooth outside. 



Petals and sepals similarly colored. . . .' 139 



Petals and sepals dissimilarly colored. . . . 14& 



139 Styles and stigmas 3, distinct. . . . Ml 



139 Styles or sessile stig-iiias united into 1. . . . 142 



Flowers in spikes or panicles. Capsule 3-cornered. 



Flowers in umbels. Berry globose. } 



141 Leaves net- veined, petiolate. Fruit a berry. ^ 



141 Leaves parallel-veined, Cap.?ule 00-seeded. - ■ 



141 Lvs. rush-like. F'ruit splitting into 1 or 2-seeded parts. Alism. CXXXVIII. 



Perianth colored, juicy and withering. . . . 143 



Perianth drj', green ; or if colored, scarious. - - - - Juncacea. CLVL 



143 Flowers regular, hexandrous. . . . 144 



143 Flowers irregular or triandrous. Aquatic. - Pontiderij^ce^. CLIV. 



Perianth woolly or scurfy outside, tubular. - - H^modorace^, CXLVIII. 



Periantli smooth outside, mostly 6-parted. Liliacs.e. CLIII. 



145 Styles or stigmas 3. Leaves net-veined. - - - - Tuilliaceje. CLII. 



145 Style and stigma 1. Leaves parallel-veined. - Commelinace.e. CLVII. 

 145 Styles many. Leaves somewhat net-veined. AlismacEjE. CXXXVIII. 

 Petals conspicuous, yellow. --------- Xyridace^. CLVIIL 



Petals inconspicuous, white. -------- Eriocauloicace.e, CLIX, 



§ 6. Orders of the Glumaceous Endogcns. 



147 Stems mostly solid. Sheaths of the leaves entire. - Cyperaceje. CLX, 



147 Stems hollow. Sheaths split to the joints. - - - Gramine^. CLXI. 



§ T. Orders of the Cryptogamia. 



148 Plants con.sisting of w6ody and vascular tissue. . . . 149 

 148 Plants consisting of cellular tissue only. . . . 150 



Fruit terminal, cone-like. Leaves sheath-like. - - EnuisETACEiE. CLXIL 



Fruit axillary or in spikes. Leaves 1-veined. - Lycopodiace.e. CLXIII. 



Fruit borne on the vcinj^, often contracted leaves. - - Fiuces. CLXIV. 



Fruit radical or nearly so, of two kinds. - - - - Marsileace^. CI.XV. 



150 Leaves veinless, distinct from each other and from the axis. Musci. 



150 Leaves veiny, mostly confluent into one expansion. HepatiCjE. 



Plants with no distinct axis of growth. . . . 152 



Plants having a distinct axis with whorled branches. Charace;e. CLXVI. 



152 Aerial, dry, crustaceous, on trees, rocks, &c. Lichens. 



152 Aerial, succulent, often ephemeral, never green. Fungi. 



152 Aquatic, consisting of simple vesicles or lobed fronds. Aiik. 



