178 



XVII. VIOLACE^. SoLEA. 



„ very short spur. — Pine woods, Penn. to Flor. Stem 6 — 10' high. Peduncles 

 shorter than the leaves. Flowers yellow. May. 



17. V. MuHLENBKRGii. Torr. Muhlenberg's Violet. 



St. weak, assurgent; Ivs. reniform-cordate, upper ones crenate, rather 

 acuminate; slip, lanceolate, serrate, ciliate. — A spreading, slender species, in 

 swamps, &c., tJ. S., N. to Lab. Stems branched below, 6 — 8' long, with large 

 stipules cut into I'ringe-like serratiu'es. Leaves 6 -10" diam., younger ones in- 

 volute at base. Petioles longer than the leaves, and shorter than the axillary 

 peduncles. Bracts linear, alternate, on the upper part of the stalk. Petals en- 

 tire, pael purple, the lateral ones bearded. Spur porrected, very obtuse. Stig- 

 ma rostrate. May. 



18. V. nosTRATA. Beaked Violet. 



Smooth ; St. terete, diffuse, erect ; Ivs. cordate, roundish, serrate, upper 

 ones acute ; stip. lanceolate, deeply fringed ; pet. beardless ; sp7i7- longer than 

 the corolla. — A common violetTB moist woods. Can. to Ky., well characterized 

 by its long, straight, linear, obtuse nectary, which renders the large flowers 

 similar to those of the larkspur. Stem 6 — 8' high, branching below. Petioles 

 much longer than the leaves. Stipules almost pinnatifid. Peduncles slender, 

 very long, axillary. Flowers pale blue. May. 



19. V. STRIATA. Ait. (V. ochroleuca. Schic.) Striped Violet. 

 Smooth; st. branching, nearly erect ;7rs. roundi.sh-ovate, cordate, the up- 



fier ones somewhat acuminate, crenate-serrate ; stip. large, ciliate-dentate, ob- 

 ong-lanceolate ; spv.r somewhat porrected. — Wet grounds, U. S. and Can. 

 Stem 6 — 12' high, half round. Leaves 1—1 J' wide, on petioles 1 — 2' long. 

 Stipules conspicuous, laciniate. Peduncles axillary, often much longer than 

 the leaves. Corolla large, yellowish-white or ochroleucous, lateral petals dense- 

 ly bearded, lower one striate with dark purple. Stigma tubular. Jn. 



20. V. ARVENsis. Ell. (V. tenella. Miihl. V. bicolor. PL V. tricolor. 

 /?. arvensis. DC.) 



St. 3-angled, erect ; Ivs. orbicular-spatulate, smooth, subdentate, upper 

 ones ovate-spatulate ; stip. fbliaceous, pinnatifid, very large ; pet. longer than 

 the calyx, bluish-white. — (T) A rare species, though widely dispersed from N. Y. 

 South to Ga., and W. to Mo., on dry hills. Stem pubescent on the angles, 2 — 4' 

 high. Leaves 3 — 5" diam., shorter than the petioles, with about 5 obtuse teeth 

 or angles; cauline ones more narrow, sometimes entire. Stipular .segments 

 linear-oblong, as long as the leaves. Peduncles 4-angled, twice longer than 

 the leaves. Petals twice longer (scarcely longer T. <^ G.) than sepals, lateral 

 ones bearded, lowest with 5 striee. May. 



• ^. V. TRICOLOR. Tricolored Violet. Pansey. Hvart's-ease. — St. angular, dif- 

 %se ; Ivs. oblong-ovate, lower ones ovate-cordate, deeply crenate ; stip. runci- 

 nately pinnatifid or lyrate, the terminal .segment as large as the leaves; spur 

 sliort, thick. — Gardens, where its pretty flowers are earliest in spring, and latest 

 in autumn. Flowers variable in size, the 2 upper (lower) petals purple, the 2 

 lateral white and with the lower, striate, all yellow at base. ■\ 



22. V. GRANDiFLORA. Great Purple Violet. — St. 3-cornered, simple, procum- 

 bent; Ivs. ovate-oblong, crenate, shorter than the peduncles ; stip. IjTate-pinnati- 

 fid ; /.s. large. — Native of Switzerland. A large and beautiful species, with 

 dark purple flowers, 1 — 2' diam. AVliole plant smooth, 6 — 12' long. Stipules 

 J- — 1' long. Flowering all seasons but winter, f 



3. SOLEA. Gingins. 

 Sepals nearly equal, not auriculate ; petals iincqual, the lowest 2- 

 lobed and gibbous at base, the rest emarginate ; stamens cohering, 

 the lowest 2 bearing a gland above the middle ; capsule surrounded 

 at base b}^ the concave torus ; seeds 6 — 8, very large.— 1]- Lvs. caur 

 line^ alternate. 



S. coNcoLOR. Gingins. (Viola concolor. PA.) Green Violet. 



A strictly erect plant, in woods, Western N. Y. to Mo.. S. to Car. Stem 



