Xn. FUMARIACEJE. 159 



5. PAPAVER. 



Celtic, papa, pap ; a soporific food for children, composed of poppy-seeds, &c: 



Sepals 2, caducous ; petals 4 ; stamens 00 ; capsule 1 -celled, open- 

 ing by pores under the broad, persistent stigma. — Exotic herbs, tiwstly 

 @, with white juice abounding in opium. 



■1. P. SOMNIFERUM. Opivm Fopp^/. 



Glabrous and glaucous; lis. clasping, incised and dentate; scp. glabrous^ 

 'Cap. globose.— A plant with large, brilliantly white flowers, double in cultiva- 

 tion. Stem 1 J— 3t' high. Leaves 4 — 8' bj^ 2 — 3', with rather obtuse dentures. 

 Every part, but especially the capsule, abounds with a white juice powerfully 

 narcotic, and which v/hen hardened in the sun, forms the optuiri of the shops. 

 For tills drug, it is extensively cultivated in Europe and southern Asia. Jn, 

 .ri.t§ 



2. P. DUEiUM. Dubious Poppij, 



Caulescent; si. hispid with "spreading hairs; Zrs. pinnately parted, seg- 

 ^nents incised; pcd. clothed with appressed hairs; sep. hairy; caps, obovoid- 

 oblong, glabrous.— Sparingly naturalized in cultivated grounds, Penn. Stem 

 about 2f high. Flowers light red or scarlet. Jn. Jl. ^ 



3. P. Rh^as. Commmi Red Poppy.— St. many-flowered, hair>' ; Ivs. incisely 

 pinnatifid; capsules smooth, nearly globose.— Distinguished Irom the last spe- 

 cies chiefly by its more finely divided leaves and its globular capsule. About 

 ■2 f high. Flowers very large and showy, of a deep scarlet red. Varieties are 

 produced with various shades of red and particolored flowers, more or less dou- 

 ble. Jn. Jl.t 



4. P. ORiENTALE. Oriental Foppi/.—St. l-flowered, rough; Ivs. scabrous, 

 pinnate, serrate ^ capsules smooth. — Native of Levant. Stem 3 f high. 

 Flowers very large, and of a rich scarlet color, too brilliant to be looked upon 

 in the sun. Jn.f 



6. ESCHSCHOLTZIA. 



Named for Eschscholtz, a German botanist, weil known for his researches in California.- 



Sepals 2, cohering by their edg«, caducous ; petals 4 ; stamens 00, 

 adhering to the claws of the petals ; stigmas 4 — 7, sessile, 2 — 3 of 

 them abortive ; capsule pod-shaped, cylindric, 10-striate, many- 

 seeded. — ® Leaves piimatijid, glaucous. Tlte juice, tchich is colorless, 

 exhales the odor of hydrochloric acid,. 



1. E, DouGLAsii. Hook. (Chryseis Californica,of imfZZ. and of l5i e(^i7.) — 

 St. branching, leafy; torus obconic; cat. ovoid, with a very short, abrupt acu- 

 mination; pet. bright yellow, with an orange spot at base. — A very showy 

 annual, common in our gardens. Native of California, Oregon, &<;. The 

 foliage is smooth, abundant and rich, dividing in a twice or thrice pinnatifid 

 manner into linear segments. Flowers 2' broad, f 



2. E. Cai.ifornica. Hook. (Chryseis crocea, Lindl. and of 1st edit.} — St. 

 branching, leafy; torvs funnel-form,"with a mnch dilated limb; cat. obconic, 

 with a long acumination : /s. orange-yellow. —From California. Leaves and 

 color of flowers as in the preceding, except the latter are more of a reddish- 

 orange hue. f 



OiiDER XII. FUMAEIACE^.— Ft-MEWORTS. 



Plants herbaceous, with brittle stems and a watery juice. 



tvs. usually alternate, muUifid. often furnished with tendrils. 



F/s.irresular, purple, white or yellow. Sep. 2, deciduous. .„!,„„»„„», 



Cor.-Petals 4, hypogynou.s, parallel, one or both of the outer saccate. 2 mner coherlnff.at apex. 



Sta. 6, diadelphous : fit. dilated ; anth. adnate, extrorsc, 2 outer l-celled, middle acelled. 



Ova. superior, l-celled ; sti/. filiform ; nl)?. wilh one or more points. 



ly. either an indehiscent liut I— 2seeded, or a pod-shaped capsule many-seeded. 



Sds. shining, ariied. Albvmen fleshy. 



Genera 15, species 110,-some of them beautiful and deHcate inhabiting thickets m the tei^eratc 

 regions of the northern hemisphere. They possess no remarkable action upon the animal economj . 



