Caltha. 1. RANUNCULACE^E. US 



peduncles. The lobes of the root leaves are also rounded rather than acute at 

 apex. May, Jn. ^ 



10. R. FAScicuLARii?. Muhl. Early Crowfoot. 



St. erect, branched; Zi-s. pubescent, ternate, the middle segments deeply 3- 

 clefl, lateral ones remotely 3-lobcd; cat. villous, spreading, shorter than the 

 petals. — Rock}'^ woods and hills, Penn. to Wiscon. N. to Can. Root a fascicle 

 of fleshy fibres. Radical leaves on petioles 3^ — 8' long, so divided as to appear 

 almost pinnate ; upper leaves 3-parted, nearly sessile. Flowers large. Petals 

 yellow, cuneate-obovate, with a scale at base as broad as the transparent claw. 

 Apr. May. 



11. R. PENNSYLViNiccs. (R. hispidus. Ph.) Bristly Cro^vfoot. 



St. erect, and with the petioles covered with stiff, spreading hairs ; Ivs. vil- 

 lous, ternate, Ifts. .subpetiolate, deeply 3-lobed, incisely serrate ; cal. reflexed, 

 rather longer than the roundish petals ; carpels tipped with a short, straight 

 style. — A very hairy species, in wet grounds, Can. and U. S. Stem Ij — 3f 

 high. Leaves 2^3' diam. ; leaflets strongly veined and with spreading seg- 

 ments. Flowers nmnerous, small, bright yellow. Fruit in dense oblong or cy- 

 lindrical heads. Jn. — Aug. 



12. R. REPENs. (R. intermedius. Eaton. R. Clintonii. Beck.) 



St. branching from the base, prostrate, radicating at the joints ; Ivs. trifu 

 liate, IfcS. petiolate, cuneiform, 3-lobed, cut-dentate ; ped. furrowed ; cal. spreading ; 

 carpels with a broad, not recurved point. — In moist or shady places, Can. and 

 U. S. Stems 1 — 3 or 4f long, generally nairy at base, the early flowering 

 branches erect. Petioles hairy, long. Leaves hairy on the veins, dark green. 

 Flowers middle size, bright yellow. Petals often emarginate. May — Jl. 



0. liiiearilobm. DC. St. very long, floriferous; lobes of Ivs. very narrow. 



y. Marilandicus. T. & G. St. and petioles densely hirsute with soft hairs ; 

 Ifis. distinctly petiolulate. 



13. R. PuRSHii. Richardson. Floating Crowfoot. 



Floating; s/. long; siU>viergedlvs.Q\Qiimio numerous capillary segments, 

 evicrsed ones reniform, 3 — 5-parted, the lobes variously divided ; scp. reflexed, 

 half as long as the petals ; carpels smooth, with a short, straight, ensiform style ; 

 hds. globose. — Ponds, sluggish streams, and muddy places. Can., U. S. Stem 

 1 — 2f or more in length, fistulous. Leaves pentangular in outline, f — IJ' 

 diam., those below most finely divided ; petioles \ — 2' in length. Flowers 

 bright yellow, emerging on forked, striate peduncles. May, Jn. 



0. (R. fluviatilis. Bii\ R. lacustris. Beck.) Lis. all capillaceous-multi- 

 fid ; ^5. as large as in R. acris. 



14. R. AauATiLis. /?. capilkiceiis. River Crovfoot. 



St. floating ; submersed Ivs. filiformly dissected ; pet. obovate, larger than the 

 calyx, white; carpels transversely rugose. — Ponds and .sluggisli streams, Arctic 

 Aiii. to S. Car. W. to Rocky Mts. The whole plant is submerged except the 

 flowers, and perhaps a few of the upper leaves. Stem 1 — 2f or more in length, 

 slender, weak, round, smooth, jointed. Leaves divided dichotoraously into 

 numerous, hair-like segments, in outline roundish and A — 1' diam. Peduncles 

 thick, I — U' long. Flowers smaller than in P^. acris. Petals rather narrov/, 

 vv'hitc, except the yellow claws. Jl. Aug. 



Olservaticn. — Several of the above mentionetl species are double-flowared in cultivation, a.s Nos. 8, 9, 

 ami 12. Of foreign epeciei*, H Asiaticiis. the cirrliin Il.inijnculus, with large double flowers vaiyinj; to 

 every hue, and K. aconitifolius, with wliite douijle ilovvers, are sometimes, but not generally, fo'iuid in 

 our gardens. 



G. CALTHA. 



Gr. Ka\a^os, a goblet ; the ye'luw caly.\ may v.ell be compared to a golden cup. 



Calyx colorod, of 5 orbicular sepals, resembling petals ; corolla : 

 stamens 00, shorter than the sepals; follicles 5 — 10, oblong, com- 

 prised, erect, many-seeded. — % Aqualic and very giabrovs. 



/\p- PAi.usTRis. Marsh. Marigold. Cvifslip:,. 

 ^Sl. erect ; Ifs. cordate, suborbicular, crenate. — Wet meadows. Can. to f Jar. 

 VV. to Oregon. Hoot large, branching. Sieiu abcut It hi2;h, hoiloi roiiiia, 



