172 XIV. CAPPARIDACEiE, Polanisu. 



1. R. Raphanistrum. Wild Radhh. 

 L/vs. lyrate ; siiiqite terete, jointed, smooth, becoming in maturity 1-celled, 

 longer than the style.— -(J) Naturalized in cultivated fields and by road-sides, 

 but rare. Stem glaucous, branching, 1 — 2f high, bristly. Leaves rough, den- 

 tate, petiolate or sessile. Calyx bristly. Pods yellow, blanching as they de- 

 cay. Jn. Jl. ^ • 



2. R. SATiVA. Garden Radish. — L,ov:cr Ivs. lyrate, petiolate ; silique torose, 

 terete, acuminate, scarcely longer than the pedicels. — ® A well-known salad 

 root, from China. Stem 2 — 4f' high, very branching. Lower leaves 6 — 10' long. 

 Flowers white or tmged with purple. Pods 1 — 2' long, thick and fleshy. The 

 principal varieties are the tv/rnip radish, root subglobose ; common radish, root 

 oblong, terete ; black Spanish radish, root black outside. Jn. Aug. ij: 



Order XIV. CAPPARIDACEJE.— Capparids. 



Herbs, shrubs or even trees, destitute of true stipules. 



Lvs. alternate, petiolate, either undivided or palmately divided. 



Fls. solitary or racemose. Sep. 4. 



Cor.— Petals 4, cruciate, unguiculate, hypogynous, more or less tuiequaL 



Sta. 6—12, or some multiple of four, almost perigynous. 



Torus small, often elongated, bearing a single gland. 



(yva. often stipitate, jf 2 united carpels. Hty. united into one. Stig. discoid. 



Pr. either pod-shaped, and dehiscent, or fleshy and indehiscent. Placenta usually 2. 



Sds. many, reniform. Albumen 0. E/nbryo curved. Colyl. fohaceotis. 



Genera 23, species 340,— chiefly tropical plants. They are more acrid in their properties than the Cru- 

 ciferiB, but otherwise much resemble them. One species of Polanisia is used as a vermifuge. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



< stamens 6 Cleome. 2. 



Torus minute ( Stamens 8—32. Polanisia. 3. 



Torus linear and elongated like a stipe. Stamens 6 Gynandropsis. I. 



L GYNANDROPSIS. DC. 



Gynandria, a. Linnean class, ot^Jf , appearance. 



Sepals distinct, spreading ; petals 4 ; stamens 6, the filaments ad- 

 nate below to the linear, elongated torus its whole length ; pod linear- 

 oblong, raised on a long stipe, which rises from the top of the torus. 

 — ® Lvs. digitate. Fls. raccmed. 



G. PENTAPHYLLA. DC. (Cleomc. Linn.') 



Middle lvs. petiolate, 5-foliate, floral and lower ones 3-foliate ; Ifts. odo- 

 vate, entire or denticulate. — In cultivated grounds, Penn., &c. Stem simple, 

 2 — 3f high. Flowers of a very-singular structure. Pedicels about 1' long, 

 slender. Calyx small. Petals white, J as long as their filiform claws. Sta- 

 mens 1' long, spreading, apparently arisiiig from the midst of the long styloid 

 torus. Pod 2' long. ^ 



2. CLEOME. 

 Sepals sometimes united at base ; petals 4 ; torus minute or round- 

 ish ; stamens 6 — 4 ; pod subsessile or stipitate. — Herbs or shrubs. Lvs. 

 simple or digitate. Fls. racenied or solitary. 



C. PUNGENS. Spiderwort. — Glandular-pubescent; st. simple, and with the peti- 

 oles, aculeate; Irs. 5 — 9-foliate, on long petioles; ?/?5. elliptic-lanceolate, acute 

 at each end, obscitrely denticulate; bracts simple; fls. racemed; scp. distinct; 

 pet. on filiform claws ; sta. 6, twice longer than the petals. — A common gar- 

 den plant, with curious purple flowers. Stem 3 — 4f high. Jl. Aug. f 



3. POLANISIA. Raf. 



Sepals distinct, spreading ; petals 4, uneq.ual ; stamens 8 — 32 ; fila- 

 ments filiform or dilated at the summit, torus minute ; pods linear. — • 

 (D Strong-scented herbs. 



