Hedera. LXVIII. AUALIACE^. 295 



Dranches. Tlie root is pleasant to the taste, and highly esteemed as an ingre- 

 dient.in small beer, &c. July. 



— ^. -A. HispiDA. Wild Elder. Bristly Aralia. 



St. shrubby at base, hispid ; Its. bipinnate ; Ifts. ovate, cut-serrate ; umbels 

 on long peduncles. — %. Common in fields, about stumps and stone-heaps, N. Eng. 

 to Va. Stem 1 — 2f high, the lower part woodj^ and thickly beset with sharp, 

 stitr bristles, the upper part branching, herbaceous. Leaflets many, ending in 

 a long point, ovate, smooth. Umbels many, simple, globose, axillary and ter- 

 minal, Ibllowed by bunches of dark-colored, nauseous berries. The plant ex- 

 hales an unpleasant odor. Jl. Aug. 



A. spiNosA. Angelica T'rce. 



Arborescent ; st. and petioles prickly ; Ivs. bipinnate ; Ifts. ovate, acuminate, 

 sessile, glaucous beneath; umbels numerous, forming a very large panicle ^ 

 invol. small, few-leaved. — Damp woods, Penn, to Flor. and La. Shrub 8 — 121 

 high, with the leaves all crowded near the summit. Flowers white. Aug.— 

 Emetic and cathartic, ij: 



2. PANAX. 



Gr. Trav, all, aKos, a remeds' ; i. e. a panacea, or universal remedy. 



Dioeciously polygamous. $ Calyx adnate to the ovary, limb short, 

 obsoletely 5-toothcd ; petals 5 ; stamens 5, alternate with the petals ; 

 styles 2 — 3 ; fruit baccate, 2 — 3-celled ; cells 1 -seeded, c? Calyx 

 limb nearly entire ; petals and stamens 5. — Herbs or shricbs. Lvs. 

 3 [in the herbaxeous species), falniatcly corapound. Fls. in a solitary^ 

 simple umbel. 



■ 1. P. TRiFOi.iuM. Ground Nut. Dwarf Ginseng. 

 Rt. globose, tuberous ; lvs. 3, verticillate, 3 — 5-foliate ; Ifts. wedge-lanceo- 

 late, serrate, subses.sile ; stij. 3 ; berries 3-seeded. — Common in low woods. Can. 

 to S. States. The globular root is deep in the ground, and nearly I' diam., 

 connected v/ith the stem by a short, screw-like ligament. The stem arises 3 — • 

 6' above the surface, smooth, slender, simple. At the summit is a whorl of 3 

 compoitnd leaves, with a central j^eduncle terminating in a little umbel of pitre 

 white ilowers. Leaflets generally 3, nearly or quite smooth. Barren and fer- 

 tile flowers on diflerent plants, the latter without stamens, succeeded by green 

 berries, the former with a single, abortive style. May. 



2. P. at'iNOUEFOLiuM. Ginseng. 



i?<. fusiform ; Zr* 3, verticillate, 5-foliate ; Ifts. oval, acuminate, seiTate, 

 petiolate ; ped. cf the umbel rather shorter than the common petioles. — iNoi un- 

 common in rocky or m.ountainous woods, Can. to the mountains of the South- 

 ern States. Root whitish, thick and fleshy. Stem round, smooth, If high, 

 with a terminal whorl of 3 compound leaves, and a central peduncle bearing 

 a simple umbel. Loaves on round and smooth foot-stalks, con.sisting of 5, 

 rarely 3 or 7 obovate leaflets. The flowers are small, yellowish, on short pedi- 

 cels. The barren ones borne on separate plants have larger petals and an en- 

 tire calyx. The fertile ones are succeeded by berries of a bright scarlet color 

 The root is in little estimation as a drug with us, but it enters into the compo 

 sition of almost every medicine used by the Chinese and Tartars. Jn. Jl. 



3. HEDERA. 



Celtic liedra, a cord ; from the vine-like habit. 



Calyx 5-toothed ; petals 5, dilated at the base : berry 5-seeded, 

 surrounded by the permanent calyx. — European shrubby plants.^ climb' 

 ing or erect, with simple, evergreen leaves and green flowers. 



H. HELIX. English Ivy. — St and branches long and flexible, attached to the 

 earth or trees or walls by' numerous radicating fibres ; lvs. dark green, smooth, 

 with white veins, petiolate, lower ones 5-lobed, upper ovate; fls. in numerous 

 umbels, forming a corymb; ^err?/ black, with a mealy pulp. — Native of Britain. 

 There are several varieties in gardens, -j- 



