096 LXIX. eORNACEiE. CoRm»> 



Order LXIX. CORNACEiE.— Cornels. 



Trees and shrubs, seldom heris, without stipules. ,. , u ,, . i 



Lvs. opposite (aUeinate in one species), with pinnate veinlets. Hairs fued by the centre. ! 



Coi.— Sepals adherent to the ovary, the limb minute, 4 or Stcothed or lobed. 



Cor.— Petals 4 or 5, distinct, alternate with the teeth of the caly.\. 



Sta. of the same number as petals and alternate with them. 



Ova. 1 or 2-celied. Fruit a baccate drupe, crowned with the calyx. 



Genera 9, species 40. They are natives throughout the temperate zone of both continents. The order 

 w distinguished for its bitter and astringent bark. That of Comas florida is an excellent tome, similar i» 

 .ts action to the Peruvian bark. Cornus is the only N. American genus. 



CORN US. 



Lat. cornu, a horn ; from the hardness of the wood of some specieSi 



Calyx 4-toothed, segments small ; petals 4, oblong, sessile ; sta- 

 mens 4 ; style 1 ; drupe baccate, with a 2 or 3-celled nut. — TreeSj 

 shrubs or peren?iial herbs. Lvs. [mosthj opposite),, entire. Fls. in cymeSj 

 often involticrate. Floral envelops valvate in cestivation. 

 * F%owers cynwse. Tiwolucre 0. Sh^-ubs. 



1. C. STOLONiFERA. Miclix. (C. alba. Wmig.) Wnte-berried Cornel or 

 Dog-U'ood. — St. often stolon iferous; branches spreading, smooth; slwotsY'n- 



gate ; lvs. broad-ovate, acute, pubescent, hoary beneath; cy^ncs naked, flat ; ber- 

 ries white. — A small tree, N. and W. States, and Can., 8— lOf .in height, with 

 smooth, slender, spreading branches, which are commonly red, especially 

 in winter. It often sends cut from it.? base prostrate and rooting sterns^ 

 with erect shoots. Leaves distinctly veined, minutely pubescent, and whitish 

 tomentose beneath, petiolate and pointed. Flowers in terminal cymes, white, 

 followed by bluish-white drupes. According to Dr. Bigelow, it sometimes blos- 

 Boms twice a year. May, Jn. 



2. C. SERICF.A. Red Osier. 



Branches s])rea.dmg; br an chlets wooWy ; lvs. ovate, rounded at base, acu- 

 minate, ferruginous, pubescent beneath ; cymes depressed, v/ooUy ; drupes bright 

 blue. — U. S. and Can. A variety has leaves tapering at base. A shi'ub about 

 8f high, with opposite, dusky, purple branches, and dark-red shoots. Leaves 2 

 — 4' long, I as wide, varying ii'om ovate and oval to lanceolate, nearly smooth 

 above, with rather prominent veins ; petioles I — 1' long. Flowers yellowish- 

 white appearing in June. 



3. C. ciRciNATA. Bound-leaved Cornel or Dog^oood. 



Branches verrucose ; lvs. orbicular or very broadly oval, Avhite tomentose 

 beneath; cymes spreading, depressed; ^n<;?c5 light-blue. — «\. shrub some 6f high^ 

 Can. to Md., W. to la. Stem gi-eyish, upright, with opposite, cylindrical, 

 green, spotted or warty branches. Leaves large, about as broad as long, oppo- 

 site, acuminate, covered with a white, thick down on the under side. Flowers 

 white. Berries hollowed at base, soft, crowned with the remains of the style. Jn. 



4. C. PANicuLATA. White or Panicled Camel, 



Branches erect, smooth ; lvs. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, acute at base, 

 scabrous above, hoary beneath; cymes paniculate; drupes white. — A handsome 

 shrub, lOf high, common in low woodlands and thickets, N. and W. States and 

 Can. It has numerous and very branching stems, covered with a greyish bark, 

 the shoots chestnut-colored. Leaves small, (1 — 2' long, h — f wide). Petioles 

 1 — 4" long. Flowers small, white in all their parts, in many small, conical 

 cymes, succeeded by small drupes. 



5. C. ALTERNIFOLIA. 



L/vs. alternate, oval, acute, hoary beneath; branches alternate, verrucose; 

 drupes purple, globose. — A small tree, N. and W. States and Can., about twice 

 the height of the last, in moist woods. The branches are smooth, even, spread- 

 ing from the upper part of the stem, and forming a depressed summit. Bark 

 greenish, marked with warty streaks. Leaves irregularly scattered along (he 

 branches, oval-lanceolate, acute, entire, veined, whitish underneath, on rather 

 long stalks. Flowers pale buft-color, in a loose c^Tne. Jn. 



