430 



XCIV. BORRAGINACETJE. 



ECHIDM. 



Sta. 5, inserted into the corolla and alternate with its lobes. 

 Ova. deeply 4-lobed, the stj-le arising from the base of the lobes. 

 J?y.— Nuts or achenia 4, distinct, 1-seeded. Seeds without albumen. 

 Embryo with a superior radicle. Cotyledons plano-convex. 



Genera 53, species 600 7 very abundant in the south of Europe and middle of Asia, becoming rare as w« 

 «pproaeh the arctic i^ircle. All our native species are herbaceous. 



Properties.— Mucilaginous and emollient plants, !iever poisonous. 



FIG. 52. — 1. Borrago officinalis. 2. A petal with its appendage at base, and anthers produced at apex. 

 8. Calyx with the 4 achenia and style. 4. Vertical section of one of the achenia, showing the seed, em- 

 6ryo and albumen. 5. Plan of the flower. 6. Lithospermum (Batschia) canescena. 7. Corolla laid open, 

 showing the stamens inserted on the tube. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



'irregular. Echium. l 



(■Corolla rotate, blue. . . Borrago. 2 



I CoroUa campanulate. . . Symphytvm. 3 



'excavated I Cor. funnel or 4 tube straight. Anchusa. 4 



at base, (.salver-form, < tube twice bent. i»/cop<ras. 5 



S Lvs. rough. Onoifmodmm. 6 



(dilated. (h\a.aTnootii.Mertensia. 9 



fCor. throat < nar- Uobes erect. . Pulnumaria. 10 



not ex- J open and ( row. < lobes spreading.i?7^iospe;'wt«OT. 7 



,. , cavale 1 Cor. closed 4 yellow, large. . . Pentalophu^, 8 



J unarmed, Latbase. Cat throat, (white, small. . . Myosotis. 11 



S Corolla salver-form. . Echmospermum. 12 



Cynoglossum. 13 



Heliotropium. 14 



("Ovary 

 J deeply 



f Ach. free. 



1 4-parted. lAchenia echinate, cohering, i' omiia fimnel-form. 

 Corolla i regtilar. L Ovary entire (partible in ftuit) bearing th» itrle at the top. 



Tribe 1. BORRAGE'^. — Ovary consisting of t-vvo bipartible (rarely 2-celled) 

 carpels. Style arising from the base bet'ween the segments of the ovary. 

 Fruit (ieeply 4-(rarely 2-)parted. Seeds 'without albumen. 

 1. ECHIUM. Buck. 



Crr. s%ij, aviper; from the spotted stem of some species. 



Calyx 5-parted, segments subulate, erect ; corolla campanulate, ob- 

 liquely and uneaually lobed, 'with a short tube and naked orifice ; 

 stigma cleft ; achenia tuberculate, imperforate. — Herbs or shrubs. 

 Fls. irregular, in spicate, panicled racemes. Cor. cyanic. 



E. vuLGARE. Viper's Busrloss. 



St. herbaceous, rough -with bristles and tubercles; cauline Irs. lanceolate, 

 and rough -with bristles; spikes lateral, hairj', deflected. — (j) A rough plant, -with 

 large, handsome, ■violet-colored flo'wers, found in fields and waste grounds, N. 

 States. Stem 18 — 20' high, round, with entire, dull green leaves, which are 

 2 — 6' long, and ^ as wide, lower ones petiolate, upper ones amplexicaul. Flow- 

 ers in numerous, crowded, auxiliary, recurved spikes, appearing in Jxme and 

 July. § 



