480 CXIV. THYMELACEiE. Dirca. 



June. — The whole plant is more or less oil}', and is greedily devoured by cattle. 

 Sometimes called Buffalo Ou. 



3. NYSSA. 

 The name of a nymph, according to LinnEEUs. 



Flowers dioecious-polygamous, c? Calyx 5-parted ; stamens 5 — 10, 

 inserted around a glandular disk ; pistil 0. $ 9 Calyx 5-parted ; 

 stamens 5 or ; pistil 1 ; drupe inferior ; nut 1 -seeded. — Trees. 



1. N. MULTiFLoRA. Walt. (N. villosa. Michx.) Pepperidgc. Tukpo. Gum 

 Tree. — Lrs. oblong, obovate, very entire, acute at each end, the petiole, 



midvein and margin viWoiis • fcrlil^: ped. 3 — 6-flowered; 7mt short, obovate, 

 obtuse, striate. — This tree is disseminated throughout the U. S. ; it is found 

 30 — 70f! high, the trunk 1 — 31'! in diameter, with horizontal branches forming 

 a pyramidal summit. The bark is light gray, similar to that ol' the white oak, 

 and, like the next species, broken into hexagons. Leaves tough and firm, 2 — 

 5' long, and J as wide, often with 1 or more blunt teeth. Flowers small, green- 

 ish, in small clusters on a long, branching peduncle, the fertile ones succeeded 

 by a few deep blue, oblong drupes. The wood is white, fine-grained, rather 

 soft, the texture consisting of interwoven bundles of fibres, rendering it very 

 diificult to split. It is therefore useful for beetles, naves of wheels, hatters' 

 blocks, &c. Jn. 



2. N. AauATicA. (N. biflora. Walt.) Water Tidepo or Chim Tree. 



" L,xs. oblong-ovate, entire, acute at both ends, smooth; fertile ped. 2-flow- 

 ered ; drwpe short, obovate ; nut striate. — This tree grows in swamps, in certain 

 sections of the Northern and Middle States. ■ The trunk when full grown is 

 30 — 50f high and 15 — 20' in diameter, the bark divided by deep furrows into 

 hexagons. Leaves alternate, smooth, 2 — 4' in length. Flowers small and 

 obscure, rtie fertile ones producing a iruit of a deep blue color, growing in 

 pairs on a common stalk which is shorter tlian the leaves. The wood is dark 

 brown, similar in quality and uses to tJie last. Jn." Michx. abr. 



Order CXIV. THYMELACE^.— Daphnads. 



Shriibs with a very tenacious bark, alternate or opposite, entire leaves and perfect flowers. 



Cal. free, tubular, colored, limb 4 (rarely S)-cleft, imbricated in asstivation. [as many, 



Sta. detinite, in.'serted into the caly.x and opposite to its lobes when equal to them in number ; often twica 



Ova. solitary, with 1 ovule. Sti/le 1. Stigma undivided. 



Fr. hard, dry, drupaceous. Albumen or thin. 



Genera 38, species 300, very abundant in Australasia and S. Africa, sparingly disseminated in Europe 

 and Asia. The only North American genus is that whi(;h follows. 



Properties. — The bark is acrid and caustic, raising blisters upon the skin. It is composed of interlaced 

 fibres which are extremely tough, but easily separable. The lace-bark tree (Lagelta) of Jamaica is par- 

 ticularly remarkable for this property. 



Genera. 



5 obsolete. Stamens exserted. Dirca. I 

 Corolla limb J spreading. Stamens included. Daphne. Z 



1. DIRCA. 



Gr. SipKa, a fountain; the shrub grows in wet places. 



Calyx colored, tubular, with an obsolete limb ; stamens 8, unequal, 

 longer than, and inserted into the tube; style 1 ; berry 1-seeded. — 

 JLvs. alternate, simple. Fls. expanding before the leaves. 



D. PALUSTRis. heather -%o nod: 



Lrs. oblong-ovate or obovate; fls. axillary, 2 — 3 in a hairy, bud-like in- 

 volucre. — A shrub, 5f in height, when lull grown, U. S. and Can. The flowers 

 appear in April and May, much earlier than the leaves. They are small, 

 yellow, funnel-shaped, about 3 together, issuing from the same hud. Leaves 

 entire, on short petioles, pale underneath. Stamens much longer than the 

 sepals, alternately a long and a short one. Berry oval, small, red. Every part 

 of this shrub is very tough. The twigs furnish " rods for the fool's back," the 

 bark is used for ropes, baskets, &c. 



