Salix. OXXVII. SALICACEyE. 501 



Fr. coriaceous, Icelleil, 2-vaIvcd. 



S(te. numerous, ascending, furnished with a silky coma. Albumen 0. 



Genera 2, speciea 2-20, chiefly natives of the northern temperate and frigid zones, one species, Salix 

 arctica, extemimg larther north than any other known woody pkmt. 



Projierlics— The bark is astringent and tonic, possessing the febrilugal properties of the sulphate of 

 quuiiiL The wood is employed lor various economical purposes. 



Genera. 



i 2—5. Capsule l-celled. * Salix:. 1 

 Stamens ( 8—20. Capsule 2-celled. Populus. 2 



1. SALIX.* 



Celtic sal, near, and lis, water ; alluding to their usual locality. 



Aments cylindric, bracts imbricated, 1-flowered, each with a nec- 

 tariferous gland at base, c? Calyx ; sta. 2 — 7. 9 Calyx ; ova. 

 OYoid-lanceolate, acuminate; stig. 2, mostly bifid; caps, l-celled, 

 2-valved, valves acuminate, finally revolute at summit ; seeds numer- 

 ous, minute, comose. — Trees, shrubs and tindershrvbs. JLts. usually 

 narrmo and elongated, each with 2 conspicuous stipules. Aments termi- 

 nal and lateral. 



§ 1. CiNEREi:. Borrer. Upland, grayish shrubs. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, mostly 

 entire, mgosc, canescent-piluse, margins often revolute. Aments oval or oval-cylin- 

 dric, expanding before the leaves, with cenJrifugal injlorescence. Stamens 2. Scales 

 red, finally black. 9 aments recurved when young. Ovary pedicellate; stigmc. 

 red or pale yellow, finally green. — Barratt. 



1. S. TRisTis. Ait. (S. longirostris. Michx.) Sage Willoii}. 



Lvs. linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, cuneate at base, entire or remotely 

 undulate-toothed, margin subrevolute, apex acute or obtu.sish; slip, minute, 

 narrow-lanceolate, caducous ; aments very small ; scales orbicular-oblong-, 

 hairy at the margin; ova. with grayish, silky pubescence ; sty. shoxi. — Sandy 

 or dry fields, borders of woods, pastures, N. Eng. ! to Ind. ! and 111. A small, 

 downy shrub, with a prolusion of aments in spring, appearing before the 

 leaves. Leaves at length numerous, often crowded and rosulate at the ends of 

 the branches, 1 — 2' long, tapering irom above the middle to a very short petiole, 

 the margin often revolute, under surface glaucous, often pubescent, upper gene- 

 rally smoothish. In starved specimens the whole plant is grayish-white, with 

 very small leaves. 



(i. (S. Muhlenbergiana. Ph. and 1st edit.) Shrub larger in all its parts. 

 Bark green on the stem, yellowish and doAvny on the new branches. Leaves 

 2 — 3' long, often abrupt at base. 



y. Monadetphia. Barratt. Sta. united half their length. — Conn. 



2. S. Muhlenbergiana. Barratt. (S. conifera. Muhl. and \st edit.) BIuTb- 

 lenberg's Willoiv. — Lrs. oblanceolate, remotely serrate, glabrous above, 



pubescent and not rugose beneath ; young branches smooth ; slip, lunate, sub- 

 dentate ; ajments precocious, diandi'ous ; scales lanceolate, obtuse, villous ; ova. 

 pedicellate, lanceolate, silky; sty. long, bifid; stig. 2-lobed. —A shrub in dry 

 soils. Northern States, 4 — 8f 'high, with brown twigs. On the ends of these, 

 cone-like excrescences are often produced by the punctures of insects. Aments 

 covered with very hairy scales, appearing before the leaves in April. 



3. S. CANDIDA. WtUd. White Willow. 



Lvs. lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, verj^ long, obscurely serrulate at the 

 summit, pubescent above, hoar3'-tomentose beneath, revolute on the margin ; _stip, 

 lanceolate, as long as the petioles ; aments cylindric ; scales obovate, obtuse, 

 very long, hairy ; stig. 2-lobed. — A beautiful species in shady woods. Stems 

 4 — 6f high. Leaves 8 — 12' by 1 — 2'. Catkins dense, white with dense wool. 

 Styles and stigmas dark red, J' in length. April, May. 

 § 2. DiscoLORES. Borrer. Trees or shrubs blossoming in early spring. Leaves 



sei-rate or denticulate, smooth and shining above, glaucous and pubescent beneath. 



Aments oval or cylindrical, preceding the leaves, smooth, silky or woolly, icithcrvt floral 



* Arranged according to Dr. Joseph Barratt. See preface. 



