PENTANDRIA. DIGYNIA. 195 



and unequal, 5 to 8 lines long. Umbellets crowded, more 

 or less, 20-flowered, of which the half are abortive; invo- 

 lucell 5-leaved, lanceolate-acwminate, membranaceous, 

 unilateral, a little shorter than tiie flowering" nmbell. Ca- 

 lix 5-toothed, acute, distinct. Petals oval acuminate, 

 involute, yellow. Styles filiform, divaricate. Fruit ob- 

 long--ovate, angularly striate; about the size of Caraway- 

 seeds. Hab. On the arid and denudated plains of the 

 Missouri, commencing about 30 miles below the conflu- 

 ence of White river. Flowering in May. — S. hicidum. 

 T. N. in Fraser's Catalogue, 1813. . It appears to be allied 

 to Smymiiim, but of a very different habit, and the fruit 

 accords with this genus. 



^81. SMYRNIUM. L, (Alexanders.) 



Fnvit roundish and solid, somewhat late- 

 rally compressed, angularly ribbed. Seed (black- 

 ish), gibbously convex, marked with 3 angular 

 elevatians. 



Flowers yellow, in the centre of the umbell abortive. 

 Calix obsolete; petals incurved, acuminate. Involucre 

 always and involucell mostly wanting. Stem leaves sim- 

 ple pseudo-ternate or biternate. 



Species. l.S.integerrimum. Obs. Leaflets oval and 

 entire, with a point. Radii of the umbell divaricate, 

 filiform. Involucell 3-leaved or 3-toothed, very small 

 and often deciduous. Calix minutely 5-toothed; petals 

 oblong, acuminate, involute. Styles divaricate, longer 

 than the germ, stigmas subcapitate. Fruit large, about 

 the si^e of a lentil, suborbicular, laterally compressed, 

 blackish; seed gibbous, angular elevations inconspicuous. 



Hab. Chiefly on the principal range of the Alleghany 

 mountains; plentiful in the mountains of Pennsylvania. 

 Flowering in May and June. 



2. S. tvifoliatum Leaves crenate, radical subcordate, 

 uppermost 3-parted; flowers yellow. Obs. Involucell 

 3-leaved, unilateral. Calix 5-toothed. Petals oval, acu- 

 minate, involute. Fruit small, blackish, somewhat late- 

 rally compressed; seeds gibbous marked with 3 immar- 

 ginate angular elevations, exclusive of the inner mar- 

 gins; intervals substriate, commissure flat. — Thapsia tri- 

 foliata, Linn. Ctiidium trifoUatum, Cuss on. Smymiwn 

 cordatum, Walter. All these synonyms as well as that 

 of Michaux, excepting Walter's, as far as they regard the 

 fruit, evidently apply to some other species, probably to 

 S. atropurpureumy or S. aureiim. 



