PEPO. 55 



cell, opening by a sutuial deliiscence on the inner side, and 

 bearing seeds at the base, or along the suture. Ex. peony, col- 

 umbine, silk-weed. 



6. Drupe (stone-fmit) is one-celled, one or two seeded, inde- 

 hiscent, with a hard and bony endocarp (stone), and a moist and 

 pulpy epicarp and sarcocarp. Ex. plum, cherry, peach. It also 

 includes those fruits which have a fibro-fleshy, or even coria- 

 ceous epicarp, as the walnut, butternut, which kinds of fruit are 

 called drupaceous. 



7. The Nut is a hard, dry, indehiscent shell, proceeding from 

 an ovary wliich is two or more celled, and two or more ovuled, 

 but becoming by suppression one-celled, and one-ovuled ( 1 10, a). 

 It differs from the Drupe, in wantmg the soft, succulent cover- - 

 ing. Instead of this it is seated in a kind of persistent involu- 

 cre, called a cupule. Ex. chestnut, oak, beech, hazle. 



8. Caryopsis (kernel). This is a thin, dry, one-celled peri- 

 carp, inseparable from the seed which it encloses. Ex. maize, 

 wheat, Carex. When it is not inseparable from the seed, it is 

 called a utricle, as in the pig-weed (Chenopodium). 



9. An ACHENiuM is a small, diy, hard, one-cehed pericarp, dis- 

 tinct from the seed which it contains. Ex. Borago, Ranun- 

 culus, Aster, and the Composite generally. 



10. Samara (winged fruit). It ponsists of a diy, indehiscent, 

 one-seeded pericarp, with a ^\■ing-like appendage. Ex. birch, 

 maple. 



11. A PYXIS (box) is a capsule which opens by a circum- 

 sessile dehiscence (11-5 ; 5), so as to appear like a little cup with 

 a hd. Ex. plantain (Plantago), purslane (Portulaca). 



12. Pome (apple). This is a fleshy, indehiscent pericarp, 

 formed of tlie permanent calyx, containing several cartilaginous 

 carpels, or cells, which enclose the seeds. Ex. apple, pear, 

 quince. 



13. Tlie PEPO (gourd) is an indehiscent, fleshy fruit, proceed- 

 ing from a compound ovary, either one-celled, or entirely filled 

 with pulp. Ex. cucumber, melon, pumpkin. 



11. Berry (Bacca), a succulent, pulpy pericarp, holding the 

 sei'd:> loosely williin, with no other eovcring than its own soO 



