eRAMINE^. 



4S7 



upper palea membranaceous; the upper perfect, with the 

 palese cartilaginous, equal, concave, awnless, coating the 

 caryopsis. 



* Spikelets in racemose panicles. 



1. P. CKUS-GALH. Cocksfoot Grcss. 



Root annual ; stem terete, smooth, 3 — 4 feet high ; leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 flat, serrulate, witli smooth, striate sheaths and no stipule; racewes dense, 

 «pike-form, compound, alternate and in pairs ; rorhh hairy and rough ; glumes 

 hispid with bristles ; lozcer abortive palea ending in a long, rough awn. A 

 coarse, weedy grass, introduced into cultivated grounds. Aug. Sept. 



2. P. HIS'PIDUM 



Stem thick, 3—4 feet high ; leaves broad, flat; panicle compound, nodding, 

 dense, 4—6 inches long, with alternate racemes ; flowers always awned. 

 Salt marshes. Best distinguished from the preceding by its hispid sheaths. 

 Sept. Oct. 



3. P. agrostoi'dfs. 



Stem compressed, glabrous, 2—3 feet high ; Irnves very long and numerous, 

 eauliiie linear-lanceolate, carinate, rough-edged, on short, striate sheaths; 

 pau'cles terminal and lateral, pyramidal, composed of racemed branches; 

 spikelets small, lanceolate, acule, crowded and appressed ; upper glume b-nerr- 

 ed; palea of the neutral flower nearly equal. Aleadows. Common. July. 



4. P. ANCFPS. 



Strm compressed, 2—3 feet high ; leaves linear, carinate, very Inrtg; sheaths 

 ancipital, pilose on the throat and margin ; panicle erect, contracted, with 

 nearly simple branches; spikdets \n\.eirn^\.ed\y racemose, very acuminate ; 

 vpper palea of the neutral flower oblong, obtuse or emarginate. Fields and 

 meadows. Common. July. 



5. P. pf.duncula'tum. Torr. 



S/em dichotomously branched above, round, 3 — 4 feet high ; lenves^'mch 

 wide, tapering to the point; sheaths hispid and papillose ; panicle compound, 

 smooth, on a long peduncle, branches in pairs, racemed; spikelets ovate, 

 •mooth ; vpper palea of the abortive flower half as long as the lower. Moist 

 woods. July. 



6. P involu'tum. Torr. 



Stem casspitose, simple or sparingly branched at base, a foot high ; Isavs 

 frect. verv narrow, somewhat ligid, at length involute ; panicle simple, few- 

 floweied, flowers acuminate; upper palea of the neutral flowers very small. 

 Deerfield, Mass. 



7. P. df.paupera'tum. Muh. 



Csespitose ; stem hairy at the joints, about a foot high ; leaves linear-lanceo- 

 late, smooth or hairy, lower ones shorter than the upper; sheaths pubescent; 

 panicle few-flowered, terminal, erect, branches tortuous, in pairs, one of them 

 2-flowered, the other 1-flowered. Barren soils. May, June. 



8. P. proli'ferum. Lnm. P. geniculatum. Muh. 

 Stem assurgent, geniculate at base, very smooth, thick and succulent ; leaves 



iinear-lanceoTale,4 — 6 lines wide, 10 — 15 inches long, on tumid sheaths hairy 

 at throat; yjanic/rs large, pyiamidal, terminal and axillary, smooth ; spikelets 

 racemose ; abortive flower with one palea. Wet meadows. Sept. 



* * Spikelets in loose panicles. 



9. P. CI.ANDESTl'NrM. 



Stern with short, axillary, appressed branches, 2 — 3 feet high, rigid, leafy; 

 Imvps 3 — 6 inches lonff, an inch broad, lanceolate, subcordate at base ; sheaihs 

 hispid, enclosing the short, lateral panicles ; upper palea of the neutral flower 

 tibtuse. Moist woods. July. Aug. 

 MM* 



