coMPosiTJi:. ai6 



Tribe V. CYNARE^. 



Heaiis ovoid, discoid, rarely radiate, homogamous (rarely dioecious)', or heterogamous vnth th« 

 marginal flowers ina single series. Style in the perfect flowers often tumid near the summit. 



47. CALE'NDULA. 

 Heads radiate; involucre of many equal leaves, in about 2 

 series 5 receptacle naked ; achenia of the disk nnembranaceous; 

 pappus 0. 



Lat. Calenda, the first day of the month, because this plant blooms every 

 month in tiie year. An oriental genus of annual herbs. 



C. OFFICINA LIS. — Jlchr.nia carinate, muricate, incurved. A common 

 and handsome garden plant, from S. Europe. It has double, lemon-colored 

 and other varieties. The flower is commonly orange-colored. " It yields a 

 distilled water, a kind of vinegar, and a conserve. The stem and leaves are 

 good in soups and broths." June — Sept. Ann. Pvt-Marigold. 



48. CENTAU'REA. 



Heads discoid; involucre imbricate; ray-flowers larger 

 than the rest, sterile, often wanting; receptacle bristly; pap- 

 pus hairy ; achenia compressed. 



It is said that with this plant the Centaur Chiron cured the wound made in 

 his foot by Hercules. A genus of Eastern plants with alternate leaves. 



C. NIGRA. 



Involucre scales ovate, with an erect, capillary fringe ; lower leaves angular- 

 lyrate ; upper ones ovate. Introduced from Europe. A troublesome weed in 

 meadows and pastures. Stem branching, 2 feet high. Flowers large, purple, 

 terminal, solitary. July, Aug. Per. Knapweed. 



C. cy'amus. 



Involucre scales serrate ; leaves linear, entire, the lowest ones dentate. 

 Native of Europe. A hardy annual, justly popular for its beautiful flowers, 

 which are very variable in color. It is sparingly naturalized in old fields. 

 July — Sept. Bluc-holUe. Bachelor's Button. 



C. MOSCIIA'tA. — Involucre roundish, smooth, scales ovate; leaves 

 lyrate dentate. A handsome border annual from Persia. Flowers purple. 

 A variety has white flowers. July — Oct. Sweet Sultan. 



S. SUAVE'olENS. — Involucre round, smooth •, lotoer Scares broad, sub- 

 spathulate, dentate ; upper ones lyrate at base ; /Zo*oc/-5 yellow, sweet-scented. 

 From Levant. Yellow Sweet Sultan. 



49. CNICUS. 



Heads discoid ; involucre vcntricose, imbricate with doubly 

 spinous scales; ray-llowers sterile; receptacle very hairy; 

 pappus in three series, the outer 10- toothed, the 2 inner each 

 10-bristled. 



Gr. fi'n^cOj to prickle ; well applied to this herb. 



