172 XIV. CAPPARIDACE^. Polanisia, 



1. R. Raphanistrcm. Wild Badu>h. 

 Lis. lyrate; sz7f^«€ terete, jointed, smooth, becoming in maturit}' 1-celled, 

 longer than the style.— (i) Naturalized in cultivated fields and by road-sides, 

 but rare. Stem glaucous, branching, 1 — 2f high, bristly. Leaves rough, den- 

 tate, petiolate or sessile. Calyx bristly. Pods yellow, blanching as they de- 

 cay. Jn. Jl. ^ 



2. R. SATivA. Garden Radish. — Lower Ivs. lyrate, petiolate; siliqiie torose, 

 terete, acuminate, scarcely longer than the pedicels. — <i) A well-known salad 

 root, from China. Stem 2 — 4f high, ver)' branching. Lower leaves 6 — 10' long. 

 Flowers white or tmged with purple. Pods 1 — 2' long, thick and fleshy. The 

 principal varieties are the turnip radish, root subglobose ; common radish, root 

 oblong, terete ; black Spanish radish, root black outside. Jn. Aug. -^ 



Order XIV. CAPPARIDACE^.— Capparids. 



Herbs, shrubs or even trees, destitute of true stipules. 



Lvs. alternate, petiolate, either undivided or palmately divided. 



F/s. solitary or racemose. Sep. 4. 



Cor. — Petals 4, cruciate, unguiculate, hj pogynous, more or less unequaL 



Sta. 6—12, or some multiple of four, almost perigj-nous. 



Torus small, often elongated, bearing a single gland. 



Ova. ol'ten sti.nitate, of 2 united carpels. Sfy. united into one. Stig. discoid. 



FV. either pod-shaped, and dehiscent, or fleshy and indehiscent. PlacentCE usually 2. 



Sds. many, reniform. Albumen 0. Embryo curved. Cotyl. foliaceous. 



Genera 28, species 340,— chiefly tropical plants. They are more acrid in their properties than the Cru- 

 ciferae, but otherwise much resemble them. One species of Polanisia is used as a vermifuge. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



\ stamens 6 Cleome. 2. 



Torus minute { Stamens 8—32 Polanisia. 3. 



Torus linear and elongated like a stipe. Stamens 6 Gynandropsia. 1. 



1. GYNANDROPSIS. DC. 

 Gynandria, a Lionean class, ot//t j, appearance. 



Sepals distinct, spreading ; petals 4 ; stamens 6, tlie filaments ad- 

 nate below to the linear, elongated torus its whole length : pod linear- 

 oblong, raised on a long stipe, which rises from the top of the torus. 

 — ® Lvs. digitate. Pis. raccvied. 



G. PENTAPHYLLA. DC. (Clcome, Linn.') 



Middle lvs. petiolate, 5-foliate, floral and lo^cer ones 3-foliate ; Ifts. ooo- 

 vate, entire or denticulate. — In cultivated grounds, Penn., &c. Stem simple, 

 2 — 3f high. Flowers of a very singular structure. Pedicels about 1' long, 

 slender. Calyx small. Petals white, \ as lon^ as their filifoiTQ claws. Sta- 

 mens 1' long, spreading, apparently arising from the midst of the long st}'loid 

 torus. Pod 2' long. () 



2. CLEOME. 

 Sepals sometimes united at base : petals 4 ; torus minute or round- 

 ish ; stamens 6 — 4 ; pod subsessile or stipitate. — Herbs or shrubs. Lvs. 

 simple or digitate. Fls. racemed or solitary. 



C. PUNGENS. Spiderwort. — Glandular-pubescent ; st. simple, and with the peti- 

 oles, aculeate; lvs. 5 — ^9-foliate, on long petioles; Z/i!5. elliptic-lanceolate, acute 

 at each end, obscurely denticulate; bracts simple; fls. racemed; scp. distinct; 

 pet. on filiform claws"; sta. 6, twice longer than the petals. — A common gar- 

 den plant, with curious purple flowers. Stem 3 — 4f high. Jl. Aug. f 



3. POLANISIA. Raf. 

 Sepals distinct, spreading ; petals 4, unequal ; stamens 8 — 32 ; fila- 

 ments filiform or dilated at the summit, torus minute ; pods linear. — 

 (1) Strong- scented herbs. 



