PEPo. 55 



cell, opening by a sutural deliiscence on the inner side, and 

 bearing seeds at the base, or along the suture. Ex. peony, col- 

 umbine, silk-weed. 



6. Drupe (stone-fruit) is one-celled, one or two seeded, inde- 

 liiscent, with a hard and bony endocarp (stone), and a moist and 

 pulpy epicarp and sarcocarp. Ex. plum, cheriy, peach. It also 

 includes those fruits which have a fibro-fleshy, or even coria- 

 ceous epicarp, as the walnut, butternut, wliicli kinds of fruit are 

 called drupaceous. 



7. The Nut is a hard, diy, indehiscent shell, proceeding from 

 an ovaiy which is two or more celled, and two or more ovuled, 

 but becoming by suppression one-celled, and one-ovuled (110, a). 

 It differs from the Drupe, in wanting the soft, succulent cover- 

 ing. Listead of tliis it is seated in a kind of persistent involu- 

 cre, called a cupule. Ex. chestnut, oak, beech, hazle. 



8. Caryopsis (kernel). Tliis is a thin, dry, one-ceUed peri- 

 carp, inseparable from the seed wliich it encloses. Ex. maize, 

 wheat, Carex. When it is not inseparable from the seed, it is 

 called a utricle, as in the pig-weed ( Chenopodium). 



9. An ACHENiuM is a small, dry, hard, one-celled pericarp, dis- 

 tinct from the seed which it contains. Ex. Borago, Ranun- 

 culus, Aster, and the CompositSB generally. 



10. Samara (winged fniit). It consists of a diy, indehiscent, 

 one-seeded pericarp, with a wing-like appendage. Ex. bii'ch, 

 maple. 



11. A PYXIS (box) is a capsule wliich opens by a circum- 

 sessile dehiscence (115 ; 5), so as to appear hke a little cup with 

 a hd. Ex. plantam (Plantago), purslane (Portulaca). 



12. Pome (apple). This is a fleshy, indeliiscent pericarp, 

 formed of the permanent calyx, containmg several cartilaginous 

 carpels, or cells, which enclose the seeds. Ex. apple, pear, 

 quince. 



13. The PEPO (gourd) is an indehiscent, fleshy fruit, proceed- 

 ing from a compound ovary, either one-ceUed, or enthely filled 

 with pulp. Ex. cucumber, melon, pumpkin. 



14. Berry (Bacca), a succulent, pidpy pericarp, holding the 

 seeds loosely witliin, with no other covering than its own soft 



