64 



THE FRUIT. 



by dissepiments (85, c) into many cells. The central pillar, or 

 snbstance formed by the united placentas is called the colu- 

 mella. To tliis the seeds are generally attached. The seed- 

 vessels of the Lobeha, mullein, puik, poppy, bloodroot (San- 

 gumaria), are capsules. 



FIG. 17. — Forms of fruit: 1, capsule of Rhododendron; 2, Nicoliana; 3, Colchicum; 

 4, CEnothera ; 5, silique of Raphanus ; 6, silicle of Capsella ; 7, legume of the pea ; S, jointed 

 legume (loment) of Desmodium ; 9, follicle of Apocynum; 10, nut of oak; 11, drupe of 

 Cerasus. 



2. Silique (a pod). Tliis is a long, narrow pericarp of two 

 valves, divided into two cells, by a false dissepiment formed by 

 the extended placentsB. The seeds are attached to the edges 

 of this dissepiment, alternating with its opposite sides. Ex. 

 mustard, wallflower, and other CruciferEe. 



3. Silicle (a little pod), differs from the silique, by being 

 shorter, and more nearly oval. Ex. pepper-gi*ass, shepherd's 

 purse (Thlaspi). The silique and silicle are pecuhar to plants 

 with cruciform corollas. 



4. Legume (also a pod), two-valved, one-celled, consists of a 

 simple carpel, and thus differs essentially from the sihque. It 

 beai's its seeds attached to the margin of each valve alternately, 

 along the ventral suture only. Ex. pea, and all other plants of 

 the gi-eat natural order Leguminosa3. The legume, therefore; 

 accompanies the papilionaceous corolla. 



5. Follicle (a bag) is a pericarp -with one valve and one 



