308 



LXXIII. VALERIANACEiE. Fedia. 



S. Marylandica. Pink-root. Warm-grass. 



Erect, simple, nearly glabrous ; 5^. square ; Ivs. sessile, ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute or acuminate, margin and veins scabrous-pilose; spikes 3— 8-flowered; 

 cor tube 4 times longer than the calyx ; aiith. exserted ; lobes of the cor. lance- 

 olate • caps, glabrous, shorter than the calyx.— I]. In woods, Penn. to Flor. W. 

 toin'^/ert^, andTenn. Miss Carpenter 1 An elegant dark green herb, a loot 

 hi'^h Leaves 3 — 4' by U— 2i', entire, often ovate-acuminate, the stipules 

 scarcely perceptible. Flowers 1|— 2' long, somewhat club-shaped, scarlet with- 

 out, yellow within. Style exserted. June.— A celebrated anthelmintic. 



Order LXXIII. YALERIANACE^.— Yaleriajn's. 



Herbs, with opposite leaves and no stipules. 



Cat. adherent, the limb either membranous or resembhng a pappus. 



Cor. tubular or funnel-form, 4— olobed, sometimes spurred at base. ♦, f i k^= 



sea distinct, inserted into the corolla tube, alternate with, and generally fewer than its lobes. 



Ova. inferior, with one perfect cell, and two abortive ones. 



Sds. Solitar>-, pendulous, in a dry, indehi.scent pericarp. 



Genera 12 species 185, widely diflused in temperate climates The true valerian of the shops, used in 

 hjSa ep lepfy !tc % a product of Valeriana otlicinalis. The roots ot several other species possess a 

 hea%T odor aild are tonic, aJitispasmodic, febrifugal, &c. The i,-piAenardUolm xu. 3, &c.) ot old, valued 

 as a perfume and a stimulant, is from the root of Nardostachys Jalamansi. 



Genera. 



Limb of the caly.x at length a plumose pappus, deciduous Kfil!]"*"'' a 



Limb of the calyx toothed and persistent, or obsolete tieam. a 



1. VALERIANA. 



Dedicated to king Valerius, a patron and friend of botanists. Linn. 



Calyx at first very small, at lecgth forming a plumose pappus ; 

 corolla funnel-form, regular, 5-cleft ; stamens 3 ; fruit 1 -celled, 1- 

 geeded. — % Lvs. opposite^ mostly pinnatehj divided. Fls. in close cymes. 



1. V. sYLVATiCA. /?. uliginosa. Wild Valerian. 



5f^. erect, striate, aim.'^lQ^ radical lvs. ovate or subspatulate, undivided; 

 cauline 07ies pi'nnately divided, segments ovate-lanceolate, entire or subserrate, 

 the terminal one often dentate ; lobes of the slig. minute, 2 or 3 ; fr. ovate, com- 

 pressed, smooth.— Stem 1— 2f high. Swamps, Vt. ! to Mich., very rare. 

 Plant nearly smooth. Leaves ciliate with scattered hairs ; those of the root 

 petioled, sometimes auriculate at base, those of the stem with 4—8 lateral 

 segments and a large terminal one. Flowers numerous, rose-colored, appear- 

 ing in July. 



2. v. PAUCiFLORA. Michx. 



Glabrous, erect or decumbent, often stoloniferous at base; radical lvs. 

 ovate, cordate, slightly acuminate, on long petioles, crenate-serrate ; cauline 

 pinna'tely 3— 7-parted; Ifls. ovate, terminal one much the largest; cymulcs few- 

 flowered, corvmbo.se ; corolla tube long and slender.- Ohio ! to Va. and Tenn. 

 Stem mostly "simple, 1— 2f high. Leaves of the succors mostly undivided, 1— 

 1|/ by i—ih', petioles 1 — i' long. Flowers pale purple, f ' in length. Jn. Jl. 



3. V. ciLiATA. Torr. & Gray. 



Simple, smooth and somewhat fleshy; lvs. lance-linear, some o/ them 

 pinnately cleft into 3—7 lance-linear, acute segments, margins densely and 

 minutely ciliate, mostly attenuated to the base ; cauline ones few, with linear 

 segments; ?;«?iw;Zc compound ; //-.compressed, 4-ribbed, crowned with the late 

 calyx limb of 10 or 12 plumo.se set^.— Low grounds. Can., Wis. ! Ohio ! Root 

 yellowish, fusiform. Stem 1— 3f high. Root-leaves many, 3—8' long, seg- 

 ments ^—4" wide. Flowers white, in a close panicle, which is greatly expand- 

 ed in fruit. June. 



2. FEDIA. Adans. 



Perhaps from foedus ; on account of the strong odor of some of the species. 



Calyx limb 3— 6-toothed and persistent, or obsolete ; corolla tu- 

 bular, 5-lobed, regular ; stamens 2 or 3 ; fruit 2 or 3-eelled, 1 -seeded. 

 — ® Lvs. opposite^ sessile. One or two cells of ike fruit abortive. 



