210 XXXVIII. TILIACE^. Tilia. 



minate. — % Shady places, Penn. to Ohio ! Stems angular, 3 — 5f high. Leaves 

 on short petioles, cordate, lobes 2 — 4' long, ^ — f ' wide, floral leaves much smal- 

 ler. Peduncles axillary and terminal, long and slender, somewhat leafy, the 

 divisions 1 — 4-floAvered. Flowers 4 — 5" diam. Petals white, twice as long as 

 the calyx. Aug. 



3. S. DioiCA. Cav. (Napaea dioica and scabra. Lirm.) 

 Lvs. palmately 7 — 9-lobed, scabrous, lobes lanceolate, incisely dentate ; 

 ved. many-flowered, bracteate, somewhat corymbose ; /s. 9 J* ; carpels 8 — 10, 

 pointless, in a roundish, depressed head. — % Va., Penn, Muhlenberg. Flowers 

 small, white, in a crowded head. Aug. 



Order XXXVIII. TILIACE.E.— Lindenblooms. 



Trees or shrubs, (very rarely hcrhs,) with simple, stipulate, alternate, dentate leaves. 



Fls. axillarj', usually perfect. 



CaZ.— Sepals 4—5, deciduous, valvate in apstivation. 



Cor.— Petals 4—5, hypogynous, glands 4—5, at their ba.se. 



Sta. 00, distinct, hypog>nious. Anthers versatile. 



Ova. — Carpels 2—10, united. Style 1, comjiound. Stigmas as many as carpels. 



Ft. capsular, 2—5 celled, with numerous seeds. Cotyledons leafy. 



Genera 35, species 350, native in all regions, but especially within the tropics. These plants abound in 

 a wholesome, mucilaginous juice. The inner bark is remarkable for toughness, and is useful for various 

 purposes, as fishing-lines, nets, rice-bags, &c. 



TILIA. 



Calyx of 5 united sepals, colored ; corolla of 5 oblong, obtuse petals, 

 crenate at apex ; stamens 00, somewhat polyadelphous, each set in 

 the N. American species with a petaloid scale (nectary, Li?i?i., trans- 

 formed stamen, T. <^ G.) attached at base; ovary superior, 5-celled, 

 cells 2ovuled ; capsules globose, b}^ abortion 1-celled, 1 — 2-seeded. — 

 Trees. Lvs. cordate. Fls. cymose^ with the peduncle adnate to the mid- 

 vein of a large., leaf-like bract. 



1. T. Americana. Linden or Livic Tree. Bass-wood. Pumpkin-v:ood. 

 Lvs. alternate, diftQse, broad-cordate, abruptly acuminate, finely serrate, 



coriaceous, smooth ; pcf. truncate or obtuse at apex. — A common forest tree in 

 the Northern and Middle States. It often grows to the height of 80f, the trunk 

 straight and naked more than half this height, and 2 — 3f diam. Leaves 4 — 5' 

 by 3—4', those of the young shoots often twice these dimensions. Bract yel- 

 lowish, linear-oblong. Petals yellowish-white, larger than the scales at their 

 base. Fruit woody,'greenish, of the size of peas. Jn. — The inner bark is very 

 strong and is manufactiTred into ropes. The wood is white, soft and clear, 

 much used in cabinet Avork and in the panneling of carriages. 



2. T. HETEROPHYLLA. Vcut. Vorlous-lcared Linden. 



Lvs. obliquely subcordate, very white and velvety beneath, with darker 

 veins, glabrous, shining and dark green above, coarsely and mucronately ser- 

 rate ; jjci. obtuse, crenulate ; transfin-mcd stamens or scales spatulate ; 5///. hairy 

 at ba-se, longer than the petals. — Banks of the Ohio and Miss. Pursh. Not 

 common. Tree 20 — 30f high. Leaves very oblique at base, 5 — 8' diam., well 

 distinguished by the white surface beneath, contrasted with the purplish veins. 

 Torr. (^ Gray. 



3. T. Ai.BA. Michx. While Lime or Linden. 



Lvs. obi iqueh'-cordate, abruptl)^ acuminate, whitish and thinly pubescent 

 beneath, with veins of the same hue, glabrous above, acuminately serrate; pet. 

 emarginate; scalrs spatulate; .4i/. nearlv glabrous. — Woods, Middle and West- 

 ern States ! Trunk 30 — 40f high, 1 — Ihi' diam., branches with a smooth, silvery 

 bark. Leaves 3 — 5' diam., slightly otjliqne, and with reddish hairs in the axils 

 of the veins beneatli. Flowers'larger and whiter than in the other species. Jn. 

 4. T. MicROPHYLi.A. (T. intermedia. Hayne.) European Lime-tree. — Dvs. 

 cordate, scarcely oblique, acuminate, glabrous both sides, twice as long as the 

 petioles; axils of the veins bearded beneath; staminale scale d\ fr. membran?.- 



