ScLEROLEPis. LXXV. COMPOSITiE. 313 



Suborder 1.— T U B U li I F li O R JB . 



Corolla of the perfect or disk flowers tubular, regular, the limb 5-cleft, 



or lobcd. 



TiUBK 1, VKKNONIACEtE. 



Heads discoid, homogamous. Branches of the style subulate, hispid throughout. 



1. VERNON I A. Schreb. 



Named for Wm. Vemon, an English botJinist who traveled in America in search of plants. 



Flowers all tubular ; involucre semicylindric, of ovate, imbricated 

 scales ; receptacle uakcd ; pappus double, the exterior chaffy ; the 

 interior capillary. — "U- Herbs or shrubs. Lvs. mostly alternate. 



1. V. NovEBORACENsis. Willd. New York Vcrnonia. Iron-weed. 



Lvs. numerous, lanceolate, serrulate, rough; cyme fastigiate; scales of 

 involucre filiform at the ends. — A tall, showy plant with numerous large, dark 

 purple flowers, found in meadows and other moist situations, U. S. Stem 

 branching at top, reddish, 3 — Gf high. Leaves crowded, paler beneath, radical 

 ones often lobed. Cymes terminal, flat-lopped, compound. Scales and corollas 

 deep purple, the former ending in long, thread-like appendages. Sept, 



/S. prccalta. Less. (V. praialta. WUUL) St. and lvs. beneath pubescent ; scales 

 nearly destitute of the filiform appendages. — Rather taller than the preceding. 



2. V". FASCicuLATA. Michx. Iron-ioccd. 



St. tall, striate or grooved, tomentose ; lvs. narrow-lanceolate, tapering to 

 each end, serrulate, lower ones petiolate ; hds. numerous, in a somewhat fas- 

 tigiate cyme; invol. ovoid-campanulate ; scales appressed, mucronulate or 

 obtuse.— ^Woods and prairies Western States, very common ! A coarse, pur- 

 plish-green weed 3 — lOf high. Leaves 4 — 8' by 1 — 2', smooth above. C3'mes 

 compact, or loose. Heads large, or small. Corollas showy, dark purple, twice 

 longer than the involucre. Jl. Aug. 

 /y. Taller and more branching, with smaller heads. — Woods, la. ! 



2. elephantOpus. 



Gr. e\t(pai, elephant, ttodj, foot; alluding to the form of the leaves in some species. 



Heads 3 — 5-flowered, glomerate ; flowers all equal ; involucre com- 

 pressed, the scales about 8, oblong, dry, in 2 series ; corolla palmate- 

 ligulate, 5-cleft, segments acuminate ; achenia ribbed, hairy ; pappus 

 chaffy-setaceous. — % Erect., with alternate^ subsessile leaves. Corolla 

 violet purple. 



E. Carolinianus, Willd. 



S'/. branched, leafy, hairy; lvs. scabrous and somewhat hairy, ovate or 

 oval-oblong, obtuse, crenate-serrate, lower ones on petioles, upper ones subses- 

 sile; hds. terminal and sublerminal. — Dry soils, Penn., Ohio! to Flor. and La. 

 Stem 20 — 30' high, flexuous, the branches divaricate. Lower stem leaves 5 — 1' 

 by 3 — 5', upper about 2' by U', the highest oblong, smaller, subtending the 

 small heads in the form of an involucre. Jl. — Sept. 



Tribe 2. EUPATORIACE^. 



Heads discoid or radiate. Branches of the style much elongated, obtuse, 

 minutely pubescent towards the summit outside. Anthers not cordate. 

 Leaves mostly opposite. 



Section 1. Heads discoid, liomogaxnongt 



3. SCLEROLfiPIS. Cass. 



Gr. o-«Xi7jOOf , hard, Xcn-tj, a scale. 



Head many-flowered ; scales of the involucre equal, linear, in 2 



