SiLPHiuM. LXXV. COMPOSITE. 335 



serted ; receptacle naked ; pappus capillary. — Shrubby plants^ with 

 alternate leaves and irliile flowers. 



B. HALIMIFOLIA. GlOUUdscl 'PrCC. 



Shrubby; /r.s. obovale, iiiciscl}' dentate above, the hif^hest ones lanceo- 

 late; panicle com\w\\W{\^ leaiy ; /"cwc/c/rs peduncuhite. — This is almost the only 

 arborescent plant of this order loiind in the Northern States. It is 6 — I2t'high, 

 growing: on sea-toast and riv«'r alluvion. Every part is covered with white 

 dust. The fertile lieads efrowini,' upon separate plants are in larj^e, loose, ter- 

 minal panicles, and furnished with very long, slender pappus. Corollas white. 

 Sept. The beauty of this shrub entitles it to cultivation. 



Tribr 4. SEXECIONIDEiE. 



Heads radiate or discoid. Branches of the style linear, hairy or hispid at 

 the apex, which is either truncated or produced into a conical or elongated ap- 

 pendage. Leaves opposite or alternate. 



Section !• Heads radiate. 

 25. ARNICA. 

 Involucre of equal, lanceolate scales, I or 2 rowed; ray-flowers 9, 

 disk ^ ; receptacle flat, with scattered hairs ; pappus single, rigid and 

 serrulate. — % St. simple. Lvs. opposite. Fls. yellow. 



A. MOLLIS. 



St. pubescent, erect ; lvs. pubescent, becoming nearly glabrous, thin, veiny, 

 dentate, ovate-lanceolate and oblong; radical ones stalked, cauline sessile; 

 ^rf5. few ; invol. hairy, with acuminate scales; ach. hairy. — An alpine plant 

 found in ravines on the White Mts., and also, according to Torrey <f Gray, on 

 the Mts. in Essex Co., N. Y. Stem 1 — 2f high, with several pairs of sessile 

 leaves, and 1 — 5 yellov/ heads of middle size. Leaves 2 — 5 inches in length, 

 the upper ones broad at the base, the lower tapering to a winged petiole, often 

 acute but not acuminate. 



26. P O L Y M N I A . 



The name of one of the ancient Muses ; why applied to this plant is not obvious. 



Involucre double, outer of 4 or 5 large, leafy scales, inner of 10 

 leaflets, concave ; ray-flowers pistillate, few ; disk sterile ; receptacle 

 chaffy : pappus none. — % Clammy herbs. Lvs. opposite. Fls. yellow. 



1. P. Canadensis. Leaf-cvp. 



Viscid- villous; lvs. denticulate, petiolate, acuminate, lower pinnatifid, up- 

 per 3-lobed or entire. — A coarse, broad-leaved, hairy-viscid plant, 3 — 5f high, 

 Niagara Falls ! Stem with opposite leaves and spreading branches. Flowers 

 light-yellow, the rays short, surrounded by the concave leaflets of the double 

 calyx in such a manner as to form a sort of cup, hence called leaf-cup. Leaves 

 feather-veined, 3 — 8' long, and nearly as wide, lobes deeply divided and acu- 

 minate. Heads I' diam. June. 



2. P. UVEDALIA. Ycllno Lcaf-cnp. 



Lvs. opposite, 3-lobed, acute, decurrent into the petiole, lobes sinuate- 

 angled; ra?/5 elongated. — In highland weods. Stem 3 — Gfhigh. Lower leaves 

 very large.' Flowers large, yellow, the rays much longer than the involucre. 

 July. — Neither of these plants has been found in N. Eng., and they are rare in 

 N. "Y., but not uncommon in the Western States ! 



27. SILPHIUM. 

 Heads many-flowered ; ray-flowers numerous, in 2 or 3 rows, fer- 

 tile, outer row ligulate ; disk flowers sterile ; involucre campanulate, 

 scales in several scries, leafy and spreading at summit : receptacle 

 small, flat, chaffy ; acheuia broad, flat, obcomprcssed, crowned with a 

 29 



