462 CIV. OLEACEyE. Syringa. 



a 5-cleft, urceolate corona, terminating in 5 filiform awns ; filaments 

 distinct, anthers cohering, bearded on the back ; pollinia solitary, 4- 

 lobed ; follicles 2, smooth, divaricate ; seeds comose. — Twining shrubs. 

 Fls. in umbels or cymes. 



P. Gr^ca. 



Lvs. ovate, acuminate; coryvibs axillary; car. villous within. — A climb- 

 ing shrub, 10 — 15f long, sparingly naturalized in Western N. Y.. also culti- 

 vated in gardens. Leaves opposite, 3 — i' long, \ as wide, and on petioles \' 

 long. Flowers in long, branching, axillary peduncles. Sepals minute, lan- 

 ceolate, acute. Petals very hairy within, linear, obtuse, dark purple. Folli- 

 cles about 2' long. Aug. 



Order CIII. JASMINACEiE.— Jasminworts. 



Shrubs, often with twining stems. Lvs. opposite or alternate, mostly compound. 



F/s. opposite, in corymbs, white or yellow, mostly Iragrant. 



Cal. divided or toothed, persistent. 



Cor. regular, hypocrateriform, limb in 3—8 divisions, twisted-imbricate in aestivation. 



Sta. 2. arising from the corolla and included within its tube. 



Ova. free, 2-celled, each cell with 1 erect ovule. Sti/. l. Stig: 2-lobed. 



Fr. either a double berry, or a capsule separable into 2. Sds. 2. 



Genera 5, species lOO, ornamental shrubs abounding in tropical India. The essential oil which pervades 

 the order, residing chiefly in the flowers, is exquisitely fiagrEint. Ou this accoujit, as well as for their 

 beauty, many of these plants are cultivated. 



JASMlNUM. 



Gr. laaur], perfume ; from the fragrance of the flowers. 



Calyx tubular, 5 — 10-cleft: corolla hypocrateriform, tube long, 

 limb flat, 5 — 10-cleft; berry double; seeds 2, solitary, ariled. — 

 Shrubs bushy or climbing. Lvs. opposite, compound. Petioles articu- 

 lated. Fls. paniculate. 



1. J. FRfTiCANs. Yellow Jasmine. — Glabrous, erect; branches a.ngVi\a.T -, lvs. 

 alternate, trifoliate, rarely simple; Ifts. curved; fls. few, subterminal ; cal. seg- 

 ments subulate; cor. tube twice longer than the calyx, limb of 5, obtuse lobes. — 

 S. Europe. Stem 3f high. Flowers yellow, inodorous, tube about 6" long. 

 Propagated by layers, f 



2. J. OFFICINALE. White Jusviine. — Smooth, scarcely climbing ; branches suh- 

 angulate ; Ifts. 3 — 7, lanceolate, aquminate ; panicles terminal, few-flowered, 

 corymbo.se ; cor. tube twice longer than the calyx. — Asia. Stem several feet in 

 length. Flowers white. Both species are beautiful and much cultivated. The 

 deliciously fragrant oil of Jasmine of the shops is extracted from this plant, f 



Order CIV. OLEACEiE.— Olives. 



Trees and shrubs, with opposite, simple, sometimes pinnate leaves. 



Fls. perfect (sometimes dioecious). Sepals united at base, persistent. [vation ; rarely 0. 



Gor.— Petals 4, united below, sometimes distinct but connected in pairs by the filaments, valvate insesti- 



Sta. 2 alternate with the petals. Anth. 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. 



Ova. free, 2-celled. Ovules in pairs, pendulous. Style 1 or 0. Stigma entire or bifid. 



Fr. drupaceous, baccate or samara^, usually 1-seeded by abortion. 



Scfe.— Albumen dense, fleshy, abundant, twice as long as the straight embryo. 



Genera 24, species 130, natives of temperate climates. The ash is very abundant in N. America. The 

 Phillyreasand the Syringas are all Oriental. 



Propertiei.— Olive oil is e.vpressed from the pericarp of the olive (Olea Europaea). The bark of this 

 tree, and al:50 of the ash. is bitter, astringent and febrifugal. Manna, a sweet, gentle purgative, is the 

 concrete discharge of several species of the Fra.xinus, particularly of the European F. Ornus. The 8()e- 

 cies of the ash are well known lor their useful timber. 



Conspectus oj the Genera. 



( Corolla tube long, including the short stamens. .... Syringa. 1 



\ S limb of spreading, ovate segments. . . . Lygustrvm. 2 



\ colored, f Corolla tube short, i! limb of long, linear segments Chionanthus. 3 



Flowers ( green. Fruit a simple samara. Trees with pinnate leaves Praximts. 4 



1. SYRINGA. 



Gr. cvpiv^, a shepherd's pipe ; fi"om the u.se once made of its branches. 



Calyx small, teeth erect ; corolla hypocrateriform, tube several 



