Verbena. XCII. VERBENACEiE. 411 



1. P. Canadensis. (P. fjladiala. Michx.) Luusewort. 



Hirsute; st. simple; Iva. alternate, petiolate, lance-oblong, pinnatifid, 

 lobes oblong-ovate, crenate-dentate ; spike short, den.se, leafy; cal. truncate 

 downwards; cr)r. ^(7/rci aliruptly incurved, witli 2 setaceous leeth ; caps, acu- 

 minate. — 71- Pastures and low grounds, U. S. ! &- Can. Stem erect, afoot high. 

 Leaves 3 — G' by 1 — 2', chiefly radical. Spike short, hairy, with a few small 

 leaves at the liase. Calyx truncated in an (jbiicjue direction downwards. Co- 

 rolla yellowish ami purple ; the upper lip long, erect, forming a galea or helmet 

 cut .square oflat tiie end, with a bristle-like tooth at each corner. Capsule pro- 

 longed into a lanceolate point \' long. May — July. 



fi. i(la(Iiata (P. gladiata M.r.). Caps, prolongated into an ensiform point 

 which is J — 1' in length. Plant rather taller. 



2. P. lanceolata. Michx. (P. pallida. Ph.) Branching I^itsewart. 



JSearly glabrous; .<>/. branched; Icf. subopposite, briefly petiolate or .ses- 

 sile, oblong-lanceolate, doubly incised-crenatc ; spike miiiGx dense; cal. 2-lobed ; 

 cur. gaka as long as the lip, incurved at apex, ending in a short, conical beak. — 

 %. In alluvial woods, «fcc. N. Y. ! to Wis. Lapham ! S. to Va. Stem 1 — 2f in 

 height, smooth, with pubescent lines, nearly opposite leaves and a few axilla- 

 ry branches. Leaves 3—5' by 1 — IJ'. Spikes 1 — 2' in length, with ovate-lan- 

 ceolate bracts. Calyx and corolla smooth, the latter greenish-yellow, an inch 

 in length, with the galea somewhat emarginate at the end. Capsule short, 

 broadly ovoid. Sept. 



29. MELAMPYRUM. 



Gr. ne\ai, black, irvpoi, wheat;. the seeds blacken the flour of wlieat if ground with it 



Calyx 4-cleft ; upper lip of the corolla compressed, the margin 

 folded back ; lower lip grooved, trifid ; capsule 2-celled, oblique, 

 opening laterally, cells 2-seeded ; seeds cyliudric-oblong, smooth. — 

 Herbs with opposite Ivs. Fls. solitary in the upper axils. 



M. PRATENSE. /?. Americanuni. Benth. (M. Americanura. Mx.) Cow 

 Wheat. — Lvs. linear and lanceolate, petiolate, glabrous, the upper ones 

 toothed at base; fls. axillary, distinct. — Inhabits woods. Can. to Ga., W. to 

 Ky. Stem with opposite branches, 8 — 10' high, round, erect. Leaves opposite, 

 1 1^' by 3 — 5", the floral ones broader, with setaceous teeth at base and taper- 

 ing to an obtuse point. Flowers in the axils of the upper leaves, yellowish, 

 slender, the corolla twice the length of the calyx. Capsules acute, declined, 4- 

 seeded. Jl. 



Order XCII. VERBENACE^.— Vervains. 



Trees and shrubs, sometimes herbs. Lvs. generally opposite, simple or compound, exstipulate. 



Fls. in axillary corymbs or dense heads, or alternate-spicate. 



Cal. tubular, 4— otoothed. inferior, persistent. 



Cor. tubular, the limb bilabiate or irrei^ularly 4— 5-cleft, deciduous. 



Sta. 4, didynnmous, seldom equal, occ^isionally only 2. 



Ova. 2— 4-celIed ; ovules erector pendulous, solitary' or twin. Style 1. 



Pr. drupaceous, baccate or dry, dividing into 2 or 4 1-seeded portions. 



Seeds witli little or no albumen. 



Genera 56, species 610, the herbs chiefly natives of temperate regions and the shrubs and trees of the 

 tropics, where they are in some instances very large. The teak-wood (Tectona grandis), native of India. 

 justly styled the " Oak of the East," is a timber tree of immense size and great durability, often attaining 

 the height of 100 feet. The wood contains silex. The medicinal properties of the tribe are little known or 

 unimportant. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



t Corolla subecjual, funnel-form. .... Verbena. 1 



^ in spikes or spiked corj-mbs. {Corolla bilabiate, nodding in fruit Phryma.Z 



Flowers { in small pedunculate, axillary heads Lippia. 2 



I. VERBENA. 



Celtic /ar/aen, to remove stone, hence Eng. vei-vain and Laf. verbena. 



Calyx 5-toothed, with one of the teeth often truncate ; corolla 

 funnel-form, limb 5-clef't, nearly equal ; stamens 4 (rarely but 2) ; 

 seeds 2 — 4, enclosed in a thin, evanescent pericarp. — Herbs with op- 

 posite lvs. Fls. mostly alternately spicatc. rarely capitate or corymbed. 

 35 



