MoNARDA. XCIll. LABIATiE. 417 



spineless, usually 4, shorter than the achenia. — A plant as widely diffused as 

 the preceding?, j<ro\vin<? in wet soils. Stem smooth, obtusely 4-anf<led, with the 

 sides concave, 1'2 — 18' hi<,'h, usually siuij)le, bearint,' small whorls of minute, 

 purplish flowers. Leaves with coarse, tooth-like scrratures, .sessile. The 

 whole plant often changes to purple. It is reputed a remedy lor blood-spit- 

 ting. July, Aug. 



Tribe 3. MONARDE.C— Corolla bilabiate ; tube cxsertcd. Stamens 2, fer- 

 tile, ascending, the upper pair abortive; anthers linear with the 2 cells con- 

 tiguous, or halved with the 2 cells widely separated on opposite ends of a 

 long, transverse connectile. 



7. MONARDA. 



Name in honor of Monardus, a Spanish botanist of the 16th century. 



Calyx elongated, cylindric, striate, subequally 5-tootlied ; cor. rin- 

 gent, tubular, upper lip linear, lower lip reflexed, 3-lobed, the middle 

 lobe narrowest ; sta. 2, fertile, ascending beneath the upper lip, and 

 mostly exserted ; anth. cells divaricate at base, connate at apex. — % 



1. M. DiDYMA. (M. purpurea. I/rt7?^. M. coccinea. MicAa:.) Mminfain Mint. 

 St. acutely 4-angled ; Ivs. broadly ovate, acuminate, somewhat rough and 



villous, on short petioles, veins and veinlets hairy beneath ; Jls. in terminal, 

 often proliferous heads; bracts colored. — A iiandsome, fragrant plant, 2 — 3f 

 high, wtth crimson or scarlet flowers. Stem mostly branching. Leaves 2 — 5' 

 long, very broad at base, often cordate, serrate, with scattered hairs above, and 

 prominent, hairy veins beneath. Flowers in heads which are often proliferous, 

 with large, ovate-lanceolate bracts tinged with the same color as the corollas. 

 Calyx colored. Corollas large and showy. Styles 4, 2 of which are minute 

 and abortive ; hence the specific name. A beautiful plant in cultivation 

 Swamps, Can. to Ga. 



2. M. nsTULosA. (M. oblongata, rugosa, clinopodia, allophylla, mollis, pur- 

 purea, of authors) Horsemint. Wild Bcrgamot. — Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, 



acute or acuminate, peliolate, more or less pubescent ; hds. of jls. terminal, few, 

 but many-flowered ; bracts sessile ; cal. slightly curved with the throat hirsute. — 

 A handsome, variable plant, growing in hedges, thickets, rocky banks, Mass. 

 to Ga. W. to the Saskatchawan. The stem is 2— 4f high, quadrangular with 

 the sides somewhat concave, hollow in various degrees, nearly smooth or pubes- 

 cent above, simple or with a few opposite branches. Leaves obtuse at base, 

 ovate or oblong-lanceolate, mostly acuminate, acutely serrate, nearly smooth, 

 2 — 4' long and on petioles 4 their length. Flowers in in vol aerate, terminal 

 heads, 20—50 in a head. ^Outer bracts leafy, often partially colored. Calyx 

 slender, h' in length. Corolla much exserted, varying from greenish-white and 

 pale purple to blue, the upper lip long and linear, enfolding the 2 stamens, 

 which, v.'ith the style are somewhat exserted at its end. Jl. Aug. 



a. St. simple, hollow; hds. simple or proliferous; cor. pale yellow. 



/?. (M. allophylla. Mr.) S/. branched, hollow, or solid with pith ; /rs. oblong- 

 lanceolate; hds. simple; bracts partiallv colored; cor. pale blue. 



y. (M. clinopodia. L.) St. solid; lvs. tapering at base, remotely serrate; 

 hds. simple; cal. short; cor. pale purple. 



£. purpurea. St. tall (3 — 5f ), glabrous, dark purple.- la. ! common. 



^. 9)iollis. Lvs. softly pubescent ; upper lip of cor. densely bearded. 



3. M. PUNCTATA. (M. lutea. Mich.v.) Horsemint. 



Nearly glabrous ; st. obtusely angled, hoary-pubescent; lvs. oblong-lan- 

 ceolate to oblong, remotely and "obscurely serrate; verticils axillary, dense; 

 bracts lanceolate, colored, longer than the verticils; cal. teeth unequal. Pine 

 barrens, N. J., com)iion, to Car. and Western States. Stem2— 3f liigh, branched. 

 Leaves punctate. Corolla yellow, with brown spots, upper lip villous at the 

 apex. Bracts large, yellow and red. Sept.— It contains an essential oil which 

 is valuable in medicine. 



