LvcoroniuM. CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE^. G25 



liigh; the lertile with 4 — 5 whorls of branches from the base of the sheaths 

 which are '2—3' apart, andclelt into several large, tawny red teeth or seg^mcnts; 

 the sterik' taller and more slender, with more numerous whorls of branches. 

 The branches are all subdivided and curved downwards. Spike oval-cvlJndric 

 pedicellate. May. ^ ' 



4. E. VAHiiuiATLM. Smith. (K. scorpoides. M.i:) 



Ciespilose; .s7,s. branching at base, fdiform, scabrous; sjnkr blackish; 

 shat/is 3-toothed, blackish, teeth mi'iiibranaceous, whitish, decidurjus at the 

 tips.— Hilly woods. Free States and Brit. Am. Stems numerous, 3 — (>' long, 6- 

 furrowed (5-furrowed. Btc/i), sheaths very short, I— i>' apart. Spikes small, 

 ovoid, terminal. IN'ot common. July. 



5. E. i.iMusiM. (E. nliti^inosum. Willd.) Pipes. 



,S'/.v. somewhat branched, erect, striate-sulcate ; l/ranclves from the middle 

 joints, simple, short, 5-sided, smooth; .-J/^/Af oblong-ovoid ; sheaths appres.sed. — 

 liorders of ponds and swamps, frequent. Stems 2— 3f high, slender, rarely sim- 

 ple, generally with 2 — G whorls of branches about the middle. Branches very 

 irregular in length and position. Sheaths 3—4" long, white at the summit, tipped 

 with as many black, subulate teeth as there are furrows (15—20). This spe- 

 cies is greedily devoured by cattle. July. 



6. E. PALUSTRK. Marsh. Horse/ail. 



Sis. branched, smooth, sulcate ; branchr.s simjile, pentagonal, curved up- 

 \vards; .s/tta/A somewhat appressed, remote, lO-tuoihed at the apex; 5yy//c oblong, 

 dark brown. — Marshes, common. Stems 1 — 2f high, dee])ly furrowed. Branches 

 short and like the other species produced in whorls from the bases of the sheath.s, 

 at first horizontal, finally bending to an upright position. Spike an inch long! 

 May, June. 



Order CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE^.— Club Mosses. 



Stems croei>iiig or orcrt, branchiiife'. rarely .simiilo, ahotmdinir in ducts. 

 I.f«re-s small, numerous, crowiled, entire, lanceolate or .subulate, 1-nerved. 

 Inflorescettcc a.\illary, or crowded into a sort of ament or spike. 



T/iecer ot'two kinds in the same plant, sessile, 1, often 2 celled. fpowder. 



Spoi'es tew, rather large in some oftlic theca?, other thecae containing minute g^rainB, appearing like fine 

 Like the E(iuisetacea\ these plants appear to have been very abundant in the first ages of the world 

 and to have attained a gigantic size, though at pre.sent but a few feet in length. Properties unimportant' 

 Some are emetic. Thapowder contained in the thecae is highly inflammable, and is lued in the manu- 

 facture of fire -works. Genera 5, species 2C0. 



Genera. 



Leaves cauline, on erect or creeping stems Lycopodium. 1 



Leaves or fronds radical, long, linear-subulate hoetis. ' 2 



1. LYCOPODIUM. 



Gr. Xdttos, a wolf, irovg, a foot. ; from some fancied resemblance. 



ThecaB axillary, sessile, 1 -celled, some of them 2-valved, filled with 

 minute, farinaceous grains, others 3-valved, containing several larger 

 globular spores. 



* InJIorcscencc in pcdnnculale spikes. 



1. L. CLAVATUM. (L. tristachium. Nutt.) Common Club Moss. 



St. creeping; brandies ascending; Ivs. scattered, incurved, capillaceous- 

 aciuiiinate ; spikes in pairs, rarely in 3s, cylindrical, pedunculate ; bracts of the 

 spike ovate, acuminate, erosely denticulate. — A well known evergreen, trailing 

 upon the ground in shady pastures and woods, common. Stem and branches 

 clothed Avith numerous linear-lanceolate leaves which are entire or serrulate, 

 and end in a pellucid, curved bristle. Spikes perfectly straight, parallel, erect, 

 and upon an erect peduncle. July. 



2. L. coMPLANATUM. Ground Pine. 



St. trailing; branches dichotomous ; Ivs. 4-ranked, unequal, the marginal 

 ones connate, diverging at apex, the superficial ones solitary, appressed ; ped. 

 elongated, supporting 4 — 6, cylindric spikes. — A trailing evergreen, common in 

 woods and shady grounds. Stem round, creeping among the moss and leaves, 

 often lOf in length. Branches numerously subdivided, compressed, somewhat 

 resembling the branchlets of the cedar. Leaves minute, very acute. July. 



