TRIANDRTA. 35 



broad, were squared at the edges so as to be like rib- 

 bons j they were cemented together by their edges, 

 which were laid just over each other; similar strips 

 were then laid transversely, to give the paper a proper 

 substance and strength; when this was done a weight 

 was placed upon them while moist, and they were 

 then left to dry in the sun. The paper varied in qua- 

 lity and dimension according to the uses to which it 

 was to be applied. 



This paper was principally manufactured at Alexan- 

 dria, from the exportation of which, the city was greatly 

 enriched ; and in the time of the Emperor Adrian, 

 Vopiscus speaks of one Firmius, who boasted that he 

 could maintain an army with his' stock of paper. 



The time, when paper mr.de from the Papyrus 

 was disused, is not known with more certainty than the 

 time of its first introduction, and the truth is probably, 

 that they were both so gradual that no date can accu- 

 rately be assigned to either. As late as the end of the 

 fifth century it was in general use in Europe; and in 

 Italy it was occasionally used till the eleventh, and in 

 France till the twelfth century, k when paper made of 

 cotton entirely superseded it. Afterwards paper made 

 from linen was adopted, of which there is reason to 

 believe none was entirely made of that material before 

 the year 1367. l 



k The Bulls of the Popes Sergius II. John XII. and Agra- 

 patus II. were written in the eighth and ninth centuries on cot- 

 ton paper. 



1 The first Paper Mill a in England, was erected in the year< 

 2588,. 



