52 



reached their conclusion regarding the source of Manila Elemi, 

 which has been provisionally accepted by most later authors. Watt ^ 

 confuses Idea abilo Blanco and Canarium commune Linn., as the 

 source of Manila Elemi. Schneider and Yogi - give a summary of 

 the previous attempts to trace the source of this product, but their 

 conclusions are indefinite, citing Idea ahilo Blanco as the probable 

 source of the product, but also citing Jagor as authority that it is 

 secured from a species of Canarium. The United States Dispen- 

 satory ^ conjecturally gives Canarium commune Linn., as its source. 

 Sawyer * follows Trimen and Bently and reproduces the figure of 

 the latter authors, drawn from the Luzon specimen. Beilstein,^ 

 although discussing the sources of Eleniiharz and giving the iden- 

 tifications of the tropical American trees yielding substances similar 

 to Manila Elemi, does not attemj)t to give the identity of the species 

 yielding the Philippine product. Corderaoy *^ follows Blanco and 

 erroneously gives the source of Manila Elemi as Canarium album 

 Efeusch. Weisner '^ confuses Idea ahilo Blanco and an undeter- 

 mined species of Canarium. as its source. Tavera ^ gives its source 

 as Canarium commune Linn., citing Canarium album Blanco and 

 Canarium luzonicum Miq., as synonyms. Hirsch ^ gives as its 

 probable source Canarium commune Linn. 



Canarium commune Linn., according to Engler,^° extends from 

 the Malayan Peninsula to Java and North Celebes and so far has 

 not been discovered in the Philippines. The specimen from Min- 

 danao, identified by the author as Canarium commune Linn., ^^ 

 is not that species, but is referable to Canarium ovatum Engl. The 

 distribution of .Canarium commune precludes the possibility of 

 this species being the source of the Manila Elemi of commerce. 

 The species from which it is secured is, however, closely related to 

 Canarium commune Linn., and, so far as known, has not been 



^Dictionary of the Economic Products of India, 2:94, 1889. 



- C'ommentar zur osterr. Pharmakopiie, 447, 1892. 



= 18th ed., p. 1643. 



■* Odorographia, 2d series, 182, 1894. 



° Handbuch der Organischen Chemie, 3:556, 1897. 



* Gomraes, Resines d'origine exotique, 195, 1900. 



'Die Rohstoffe des Pflanzenreichs, 238, 1900. 



'Medicinal Plants of the Pliilippines, English edition, 73, 1901. 



"Universal Pharmakopoe, 1:224, 1902. 



^»DC. Monog. Phan. 8:112, 1883. 



" Forestry Bureau, Bull. 1 :27, 1903. 



