60 PAPAVERACEvE. Papaver. 



marked ; as was proved by the lamented Mr. Groom, whose monograph 

 affords a very complete account of this genus. 



Order XII. PAP AVERAGES. Juss. 



Sepals 2, or sometimes 3, imbricated in aestivation, caducous. Pe- 

 tals 4, placed in a cruciate manner, or sometimes 5-6, hypogynous. 

 Stamens hypogynous, distinct, as many or twice as many as the pe- 

 tals, or often numerous but some multiple of the petals, sometimes in 

 as many parcels one of which adheres to the base of each : anthers 

 innate. Ovary composed of 2 or more united carpels (distinct in 

 Platystemon) : style short or none : stigmas when several usually stel- 

 late upon the fiat apex of the ovary. Fruit l-celled, either pod-shaped 

 with 2-3, or capsular with several parietal placentae, which are alter- 

 nate with (in Papaver opposite) the stigmas ; the valves often separating 

 from the placentae. Seeds numerous, anatropous, sometimes slightly- 

 curved. Embryo minute, at the base of fleshy and oily albumen. — 

 Herbs (very rarely shrubs), with commonly a milky or colored nar- 

 cotic, and often acrid, juice. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, often 

 more or less divided. Flowers solitary on long peduncles, white, yel- 

 low, or red, never blue. 



1. True PapaveracecB. 



1. PAPAVER. Linn.; Gccrtn.fr. t. 60. 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens numerous. Style none : stigmas 4-20, 

 sessile radiating on the summit of the ovary. Capsule obovate, thick, open- 

 ing under the crown formed by the stigmas : placenta; many-seeded, oppo- 

 site to the stigmas ! and extending into the cavity so as to form incomplete 

 partitions.— Herbs with a white narcotic juice. Peduncles droopmg at the 

 extremity before &.owenng.— Poppy. 



1 P. nuclicaule (Linn.) : hairy ; leaves pinnatifid, with acute incised 

 lobe's; peduncles radical, very long; sepals clothed with bristly hairs; cap- 

 sules hispid, obovate-oblong.— 5o^. mag: t. 1663 ; Ptirsh,Jl. 2. p. 365 ; DC. 

 prodr. 1. p. 117 ; Hook. ! fi. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 34. 



Labrador! and Arctic America! Unalaschka, Chamisso.—li Flowers 

 mostly yellow. 



2. P. dubium (Linn.): caulescent: stem hispid AA^th spreading hairs; 

 leaves pinnately parted ; segments incised ; peduncles clothed with appres- 

 sed bristly bans ; sepals hairy ; capsules obovoid-oblong, smooth..— Eng. hot. 

 t 644 ; DC. I. c; Durlin^t. fi. Cest. ed. 2. p. 317. 



In cultivated grounds ; becoming naturalized m Chester County, Pennsyl- 

 vania, Darlington.— (l) Flowers pale red or scarlet. 



3. P. somnifernm (Linn.) : caulescent, glabrous and glaucous ; leaves 

 clasping, incised and toothed, the teeth someAvhat obtuse ; sepals glabrous ; 

 capsules' obovate or globose, glabrous.— Z>C. prodr. 1. p. 119. 



