Viola. VIOLACE^. 139 



tals obtuse ; the inferior and lateral ones strongly veined with puryile. — V. 

 clandestina, Pursh, of which we have seen specimens in Lambert's licrba- 

 rium,is only the apetalous state of this species, which like most other violets 

 with subterraneous stems, puts forth, late in the season, stolons, which 

 bear one or more apetalous flowers. 



11. V. primuhp folia (Linn.): leaves oblong, somewhat cordate, the lamina 

 abruptly decurrent on the petiole, the under surface and the peduncles a lit- 

 tle pubescent; stigma capitate, margined (flowers white); lateral petals 

 bearded; rhizoma creeping. — Null.! gen. 1. p. 149 ; Schwein. I. c; Ell. sk. 

 1. p. 297 (excl. syn. Pursh) ; Torr. ! fi. 1. j). 253 ; DC. prodr. 1. p. 293 ; Le 

 Conte ! I. c. 



0. acuta: leaves ovate, glabrous; petals acute, lateral ones nearly gla- 

 brous.— V. acuta, Bigel. ! fl. Bost. p. 9.5 ; Torr. ! jl. I. c. 



Wet meadows, Massachusetts ! to Florida !~west to Kentucky, Short. 

 /5. Moist grounds, near Boston, Bigelow ! April- June. — Plant usually 2-3 

 inches high. Leaves 1-2 inches long, shorter than the peduncles, mostly 

 somewhat cordate at the base, but sometimes merely truncate: petiole 

 shorter than the lamina. Flowers odorous : spur short, very obtuse. 



12. V. lanceolata (Linn.) : glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, attenuate at the 

 base into a long petiole, rather obtuse, obscurely crenately serrate ; stigma 

 with a short recurved beak, somewhat quadrangular and margined ; petals 

 (white) beardless.— McA.r. .' fi. 2. p. 150; Null. ! gen. \.p. 150 ; Schwein.! 

 I. c. ; Torr.! fl.\. p. 253; DC. prodr. 1. p. 293; Le Conte ! I. c. ; Hook.! 

 Jl. Bor.-Am. l.;j. 76. 



Wet meadows and swamps, Canada ! to Florida ! west to Texas ! 

 Drummond! April-May.— Rhizoma creeping; often bearing very long 

 creeping stolons with an apetalous flower on a short peduncle at each joint. 

 It sometimes produces perfect flowers late in the season. 



1.3. V.palustris {Iauxv.): leaver reniform-cordate ; stipules broadly ovate, 

 acuminate; stigma margined; sepals ovate, obtuse; capsule oblong, trian- 

 gular ; seeds ovate, dark green. — DC. prodr. 1. p. 294. 



[i. Pennsyh-anica (DC): flowers purple; petals somewhat orbicular.— 

 DC! I.e. 



Summits of the White Mountains of New Hampshire, Dr. Boott ! Mr. 

 Oakes ! Wet places among the Rocky Mountains, and in Oregon, Nuitall! 

 —Rhizoma articulated, creeping, somewhat scaly. Flowers resembling 

 those of V. cucuUata, but considerably smaller and of a pale lilac color. 



* * Caulnscent : stigma coiixex, not margined. 



14. V. Langadorffii {Fischer) : leaves roundish-cordate, nearly glabrous; 

 stipules ovate," setaceously acuminate, the lowest ones wnth bristly teeth; 

 stem at length elongated, oblique at the base ; inferior petals somewhat 

 rhomboidal; spur broadlv saccate, very obtuse. DC. prodr. 1. p. 296; 

 Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 77. 



Island of Uualaschka, Chamisso. 



15. V. striata (Alt.): glabrous; stem angular, oblique, branching ; leaves 

 roundish-cordate or someAvhat ovate, upper ones a little acuminate ; stipules 

 oblong-lanceolate, dentate-ciliate ; stigma tubular, recurved, pubescent at the 

 summit; spur somewhat produced.— .4(7. Kew. {ed. 1.) 3. p. 291; Pursh! 

 Jl. 1. p. 174; Natl.! gen. 1. p. 150; Ell. sk. I. p. 301 (excl. syn. Michx. <^- 



Walt.) ; DC. prodr. 1. p. 297 ; Le Conte ! I. c. V. ochroleuca, Schicein. ! 

 I. c; Torr.! fl. 1. p. 255; Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 77. V. repens, 

 Schwein. I. c. 'V. Lewisiana,* DC. I c. V. debilis, Michx. ! Jl. 1. p. 150 1 



* Gingins and CandoUe mistook ihe Christian name of Mr. Schweinitz for the 

 surname. 



