IluBus. KOSACEyE. 4 »9 



23. DALIBARDA. Linn.; Richanls. in Nestl. Pot. ]>• lH, I. 1 ; DC.jrrodr. 



Calyx concave at tlie base, deeply 5-6-parted ; the segments imbricate in 

 festivation : three of them larger and 3-5-t(X)thed or serrate. Petals 5, sessile, 

 deciduous. Stamens numerous, inserted into the border of the disk : fila- 

 ments filiform, deciduous. Ovaries 5-10, willi 2 collateral susjiended ovules, 

 one of them abortive : styles filiform, deciduous : stigma nearly simple. 

 Achenia 5-10, dry or slightly drupaceous (the endocarp cartilaginous), 

 sessile in the bottom of the calyx. Seed suspended. Radicle superior : co- 

 tyledons tliick. — Small perennial herbs, with creeping stems, and roundish- 

 cordate crenate leaves, on slender petioles. Scapes 1-2-flowercd. Petals 

 white. 



*-^\. D. repens {L'lim.) : dlfluse, creeping, i)ubescent ; liairs of flic petioles 

 reflexed ; stipules setaceous ; sepals spreading in flower, converging in fruit, 

 not bristly ; young ovaries villous-tomento.sc. — Linn. ! sjjcc. 1. ]>• 491 ; 

 Fursh ! fl.l. p. 350 ; Ton: ! jl. 1. p. 491 ; DC. ! prodr. 2. p. 5G4 ; Hook. ! 

 Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 184. D. violaeoides, Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 299, /. 27. Rubus 

 Dalibarda, Linn. ! spec. ed. 2 ; Smith I ic. incd. t. 20 ; Willd. ! sp)ec. 2. 

 p. 1090. 



Moist shadv places, Canada ! and New England States ! New York ! and 

 Pennsylvania ! June-Aug. — Petals ovate, obtuse, twice the length of the 

 calyx. Achenia white, nearly glabrous when old. The sjiecific name 

 of Michaux is very expressive of the habit of the plant. — D. caly- 

 cina of Nej)aul is a congener of our species : D. geoides doubtless is not. 

 The genus differs essentially from Rubus (in which the ovaries are occa- 

 sionally few in number) only in the nearly dry achenia. 



24. RUBUS. Tourn. ; Linn. gen. p. 254 ; La7n. ill. t. 441. 



Calyx concave or flattish at the base, 5-parted, wdthout bracteoles ; the 

 segments mostly imbricate in a2stivation. Petals 5, deciduous. Stamens 

 numerous, inserted into the border of the disk. Ovaries numerous (very 

 rarely few), with 2 collateral suspended ovules in each cell, one of which is 

 abortive : styles temiinal or nearly so, filiform, deciduous ; stigma simple or 

 obtuse. Achenia pulpy and drupaceous, aggregated on a conical or cylin- 

 drical spongy receptacle, either persistent or deciduous. Radicle superior. — 

 Perennial mostly suffruticose or shrubby plants, with erect or procumbent 

 mostly prickly and biennial stems. Leaves pinnately or pedately com- 

 pound, often simple. Flowers white or reddish (inflorescence centrifugal). 

 Fruit eatable. — Raspberry, Blackberry, Sfc. 



§ 1. Carpels forming a somewhat hemispherical fruit., con'cave beneath and 

 falling away from the dry receptacle when ripe, sometimes few in number 

 and falling away separately. — (Raspberry.) 



* Leaves simple (flowers large), 



1. R. odaratus (Linn.) : hispid with glandular hairs, especially the pedun- 

 cles and calyx ; stem shrubby, branched ; leaves large, 3-lobed (the lower 



57 



