RuBUs. ROSACEiE. A',?. 



Moist woods and shady liill-sides, Canada, from Hudson's Bay! and ihf 

 Saskatcliawan ! to tlie New Kntjlanil Slates! the Northern |)art of Now 

 York! and Pennsylvania. June. — Stems, hrauehes, 6cc. minutely |)uhes- 

 cent ; the summit of the sterile i)ranehes beeoming stoloniferous ami often 

 rooting at the extremity. Leallets sometimes deeply incised. Fruit com- 

 posed of few grains, reddish })ur]ile when fully ripe, sour, but wlien they 

 ripen in less shady situations raiher pleasant, having nearly the flavor of K. 

 occidentalis. — Dr. Ricliardson has well distinguished this species from R. 

 saxalilis, the oidy one with wliich it can l)e confounded, and Hooker has 

 given a good figure, but witli the leaflets less acuminate and less acute at 

 the base than is usual as it occurs in the United Slates. 



t t Stems biennial, somewhat slirubby. 



1.3. R. strigosus (Michx.) : stem erect, suflruticose, armed, as well as the 

 petioles, peduncles, and calyx, with straight spreading rigid bristles (some of 

 whicli become weak hooked prickles) which are glandular when young, 

 slightly glaucous ; leaves pinnately 3-5-foliolate ; leaflets oblong-ovate, 

 acuminate, incisely serrate, canescenlly tomentose beneath ; the terminal one 

 often cordate at the base, the lateral sessile ; stipules setaceous, deciduous ; 

 peduncles 4-G-flowered; petals (white) erect, about the length of the spread- 

 ing sepals ; fruit light red, very juicy. — Michx:! fi. 1. p. 297 ; Pursh! Jl. 

 I. p. 346 ; Torr.! Jl. I. p. 488; Richards. ! ajypx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 

 19 ; Hook. ! jl. Bor.-Am. 1 . p. 177. R. Pennsylvanicus, Poir. diet. 6. p. 

 246. R. Idaeus, Nutt. gen. 1. p. 308. R. Wseus P. Canadensis, Richards. 

 I. c. ed. 1. 



Hill-sides and rocky places, Canada ! and from Newfoundland ! and 

 Saskatcliawan ! to Pennsylvania ! Oregon, Menzies, Douglas. May. — 

 Stems liglit brown, shining. Flowers rather larger than those of R. Idseus ; 

 the fruit resembling that species, and scarcely inferior in flavor ; the 

 carpels pruinose. The berries ripen from .lune to August. The leaflets are 

 often narrow, but sometimes broadly ovate, and are occasionally conflu- 

 ent. The jx'duncles are axillary as well as terminal, and often aggregated 

 at the summit of the branches so as to form a leafy panicle. — The true R. 

 IdsDus of Europe we believe is not indigenous even in the northern portion 

 of this continent ; but this species resembles it very much, and has some- 

 times been mistaken for it. — Red Raspherry. 



14. R. occidentalis (Linn.) : glaucous, armed with hooked prickles (not 

 hispid) ; stems shrubby, recurv^ed ; leaves pinnately 3- (rarely 5- ) foliolate ; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminate, coarsely doubly serrate, somewhat incised, canes- 

 cently tomentose beneath ; the lateral leaflets somewhat petiolulale; stipules 

 setaceous ; terminal peduncles several-flowered, the pedicels sliort ; petals 

 (white) shorter than the reflexed sej)als ; fruit dark purple. — Linn. ! spec. 1. 

 p. 493 ; Michx. ! jl. 1. p. 297 ; Pursh, I. c. ; Torr. ! jl.l.p. 489 ; Richards. 

 I. c. ; Hook. ! I. c. (excl. P.) ; Darlingt. jl. Cest. p. 306. R. Idaeus /?. 

 Americanus, 2''orr. ! in ann. lye. New York, 2. p. 196. R. Idaeus, fructu 

 nigro, &c. Dill. Elth. t. 247. 



Borders of woods &c., Canada ! and Northern States ! to the mountaijis 

 of Georgia, and west to Council BlufTs, Missouri, Dr. James ! and sources 

 of the Oregon, Douglas. Abounding where woods have been recently cut 

 down. May. — Stems 5-8 feet long, redilish-brown, sparingly branched. 

 Leaflets seldom cordate. Axillary peduncles 1-3-flowered, the upper ones 

 clustered. Fruit roundish, nearly black when ripe, glaucous, composed of 

 numerous small grains, well-flavored, ripening in June and July. — Black 

 Raspberry. Thimble- Berry. — Resembles the preceding in its foliage, but 

 the mode of growth is very different, as also is the fruit. Yet Mr. Cakes 



