RuBUs. ROSACEiE. 455 



icd; leaflets incisely serrate; flowers fewer, corymbose, with leafy 

 •«. — Torr.f Ji. \. ]}• 487. R. froiulosiis, Bis^eL! I. c. ; Beck, hoi. p. lo.'j. 



reclined : 



bracts. 



R. subereetus, Hook. I. c. 1 R. ineriiiis, Willi/, cnum. I. p. 549 / (si)ce, 



in herb. WUUt.) 



y. Jiuiiiifusus: steins procumbent or trailing; leaves smaller ; peduncles 

 1-5-flowcred. — R. Enslcnii, Trail. Kosar. 'd. p. G3 .' R. floridus. Trail. 

 I. c. 1 



Borders of woods and old fields, Canada ! and throughout tlie United 

 States! iMay-.Tune. — This species varies mucli in its mode of growth and 

 appearance ; tlie tall erect forms (4-8 feet high) are often accomi)anied bv 

 prostrate stems, tlirowing up short few-flowered branches; and the raceme^s 

 of the larger and more villous plant are often leafy below. The inflorescence, 

 however, even in this form of the species, is not strictly a raceme, since the 

 terminal flower (contrary to the diagnosis of Bigelow) always expands first, 

 as it does in all the species of the genus, and the others follow irregularly. 

 All the forms are glandular, but the R. frondosus of Bigelow much less so. 

 The fruit is the sanu; in all, ovoid-oblong, sometimes acute, half an inch 

 to nearly an uich in length, purple, turning nearly black when fully ripe, 

 when it is sweet and well-flavored. In tlie Northern States it ripens in July 

 and August: in the Southern as early as June. — Blackberry-bush. High 

 Blackberry. 



_L-18. R. Canadensis (Linn.): stem shrubby, ascending at the base, trailing 

 ' or procumbent, somewhat prickly ; leaves .3-fr)liolate or pedately 5-6-folio- 

 late, glabrous or pubescent ; leaflets oval, rhombic-ovate, or almost lanceo- 

 late, mostly acute or acuminate, membranaceous, sharply and uneriuallv 

 serrate, often somewhat incised ; petioles and peduncles naked, or armed witli 

 bristly prickles ; stijiules linear, entire or serrate ; flowers racemose or some- 

 what corymbose, With leafy bracts, the lower peduncles distant, the uj)per 

 crowded ; ])etals (white) twice the length of the mucronafe sepals; fruit very 

 large, black. — Linn.! spec. 1. p. 494. R. procumbens, Muhl. cat., &f Ji. 

 Lancastr. ined. R. trivialis, Pursh ; Torr. ! Ji. 1. p. 489; Bigel. I. c. ; 

 Hook. ! I. c. ; Darling t. ! ji. Cest. p. 308 ; not of Michx. R. flagellaris! 

 Willd. ! enum. 1. p. 549. R. argutus. Link, eiium. 2. p. 60. 



Fields and barren or rocky soils, Canada ! Newfoundland ! and Northern 

 States ! to the Alleghany Mountains in Virginia. May. — Flowers smaller 

 than in R. villosus. Pedicels and calyx often slightly glandular ; sepals to- 

 mentose inside and along the margin. Fruit roundish or oblong, obtuse, half 

 an inch to an inch in diameter, with large grains, black, very svveet and juicy 

 when mature ; ri})ening in July and August. When it grows in shady oV 



moist places, the fruit is smaller fmd sour. — Low Blackberry. Dewberry. 



It is not easy always to distinguish this species from tlie smoother and 

 prostrate forms of R. villosus, and yet no one can doubt that they are distinct 

 species. The leaflets arc frequently 5 in number, and are then narrower ; 

 but we have never observed as many as 7 or 10 ; neither are tliey to be 

 found in Linna^us's specimen of R. Canadensis, which was erroneously de- 

 scribed in this respect from the circumstance of two leaves overlvin'' each 

 other. Hence the Linutuan species has not been recognized by succeeding 

 botanists. 



--^19. R. hispidus (Linn.) : stems slender, jjrostrate, soinewhaf shrubby, 

 clothed with retrorse bristles or weak jirickles ; leaves 3- (rarely pedately 5-) 

 foliolate, mostly persistent ; leaflets rather coriaceous, obovate, conmionly 

 obtuse, coarsely and unequally serrate, entire towards the base, glabrous ; 

 stipules Hnear ; peduncles naked, mostly corymbosely several-flowered, often 

 bristly; pedicels filiform; flowers small ; petals (white) obovate or oblonir- 

 obovate, twice the length of the very spreading sepals ; fruit small, blackish. 



