Cratjecus. ROSACE/E. 4G5 



not the color of the fruit. It sccnis sutTirienily disiiiict from C. corcinea ; in 

 our specimens of the American phini, the calyx-sefnr>f''it'^ fire free from 

 glands, and this is also remarked by Nutlall. Dr. Lindley, however, de- 

 scribes it otherwise ; an4 there is scarcely a species in which these glands do 

 not sometimes appear. We find 3-4 styles, while Mr. Nuttall states it to be 

 I)entag}'noiis. The spines, it seems, do not aBurd a constant character in 

 this, or indeed in any other species. 



.5. C. cocclnea (Linn.) : leaves roundish-ovate (membranaceous) acutely 

 incised or angulale- (5-9-) lobed, sliarply serrate, truncate or often acute 

 (those of the steril(^ branches mostly cordate) at the base, on slender petioles, 

 at length nearly glabrous; spines stout; corymbs and calyx pubescent or 

 glabrous; styles 5 (often 3 or 4) ; fruit laraje (bright red) globose. — Linn..' 

 horl. Cliff', iysjjec. I. c. ; Ait. ! I. c. ; Willd. ! I. c. (excl. syn.) ; Michx. ! fl. 

 1. p. 288 ; Eil. sk. 1. p. bb^i : Torr.! fl. \. p. 474 ; Seringe ! in DC. I. c. ; 

 Hook. .' fl. Bor.-Am. \.p. 201 ; Loudon, arb. Brit. I. c. ; Lindl. ! hot. reg. 

 t. 1957. C. glandulosa, Willd. ! I. c. (excl. syn.) ; DC. I. c. ; Hook. ! I. c. ; 

 Loudon, I. c. ; Lindl. ! I. c. {(i. macracantlia) 1. 1912, not oi Ait. C. Crus- 

 galli, Bigel. ! fl. Boat. ed. 2. p. 194. C. flabellata, Bosc. ! (ex spec. 

 hort. Par.) 



p. viridis : glabrous ; leaves smaller and less incised, acute at the base ; 

 fruit of 3 carpels and then oval or pyriform, or of 5 carpels and globose. — C. 

 viridis, Linn.! spec. I. c. ; Ell. I. c. ? 



y. populifolia : glabrous ; leaves smaller, on very slender petioles, deltoid- 

 ovate, niostly cordate at the base ; corymbs small ; fruit globose, of 5 car- 

 pels. — C. populifolia. Ell. ! I. c, not of Walt. 



^. oligandra : nearly glabrous ; cor^nnbs few-flowered ; stamens 5 ; 

 styles 2-4. 



f. ? mollis : leaves large, incised and very acutely serrate, more scabrous 

 above, the lower surface, branchlets, peduncles, and calyx canescently to- 

 mentose when young; fruit large, globose, pubescent when young, of 5 car- 

 pels. — C. subvillosa, Schrad. hort. Goett. (v. sp. hort. Par.) 



Borders of thickets and streams, Canada! to Florida! and Louisiana! 

 6. New Albany, Indiana, Dr. Clapp ! (shrub G-9 feet high.) e. Oiiio, Mr. 

 Lea! Indiana, Dr. Clapp! Kentucky, Dr. Shart ! Texas, Drummond! 

 May. — Shrub or small tree 10-25 feet high ; the thorns often short and a 

 little curved, sometimes very long and large. Leaves usually cut into 3-4 

 small acute or acuminate serrated angulate lobes on each side. Segments 

 of the calyx lanceolate, denticulate, and mostly, but not always, glandular; 

 as also are the bracts, and occasionally the ])etioles. Fruit from one-third to 

 half an inch in diameter, red or reddish-purple when fully ripe, eatable. — 

 We have distinguished only the more marked varieties, as thej^ occur in a 

 wild state; but several others are knowni in nurseries, &:c. In an extensive 

 suite of specimens, every intermediate form may be obsers'ed. Our var. 

 mollis (of which C. subvillosa of the gardens seems to be a cultivated and 

 less tomentose state) is the most peculiar, and may perhaps rank as a spe- 

 cies ; but it differs only in the much more copious pubescence. The leaves 

 of the growing shoots are as large as in C. tomentosa, very broad, and 

 mostly cordate, and the pubescence is nearly permanent on the veins of the 

 lower surface. — White Thorn. 



6. C. tomentosa (Linn.) : leaves ovate-elliptical or oval, abruptly nar- 

 rowed at the base into a short margined petiole, somewhat plicate or fur- 

 rowed above from the impressed veins, mostly acute, doubly serrate, mostly 

 incisely toothed towards the apex, somewhat glabrous above, the lower 

 surface especiciUy the veins softly pubescent-tomentose when young ; spines 

 rather large ; corymbs large ; the peduncles and calyx villous-tomentose ; 



59 



