618 UMBELLIFER^. Ligusticum. 



f" 1. ^i. Cynapium (Linn,) : segments of the leaves rather obtuse; involu- 

 ' ere none ; involucels 3-leaved, mostly lono;er than the partial umbels, pen- 

 dulous; vittse of the commissure distant at the base. DC. — Linn, sjjec. I. p. 

 256 ; Engl. hot. t. 1192 ; Bigel. Jl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 113 ; Beck, hot. p. 145 ; 

 DC. prodr. 4. p. 141. 



Road sides and cultivated grounds, near Boston, Bigelow ! Essex County, 

 Massachusetts, Mr. Oakes ! Amherst, in the same State, Rev. Mr. HoltonJ 

 July-Aug. — Stem about 2 feet high, striate, not spotted. Leaves 2-3-pinnate- 

 ly divided, with narrow cuneate segments. Leaflets of the involucels linear. 

 — The whole plant has an unpleasant smell, and is said to be poisonous. — 

 FooVs Parsley. 



21. LIGUSTICUM. Linn.; Koch, Umh. p. 104,/. 44-47 ; DC. prodr. I.e. 



Calyx-teeth minute or obsolete. Petals with very short claws, obovate, 

 eraarginate, with an inflexed point. Fruit somewhat terete or slightly com- 

 pressed laterally. Carpels with 5 acute equal somewhat winged ribs ; the 

 lateral ones marginal. Intervals and commissure with numerous vittee. 

 Carpophore 2-parted. Seed somewhat semiterete. — Mostly perennial herbs. 

 Leaves ternately or 2-3-temately divided. Involucre various. Involucels 

 many-leaved. Flowers white. — Loveage. 



1. L. Scoticum (Linn.): stem nearly simple, striate; leaves biternate ; 

 segments rhombic-ovate, coarsely dentate-serrate ; involucre 4-6-leaved ; 

 calyx distinctly 5-toothed. — Linn. sped. p. 250 : Engl. Bot. t. 1424 ; Michx. 

 fl.l.p.l66 ; Pursh, ft. 1. p. 166 ; Bigel. ! jl. Bost. ed. 2. p. Ill ; Torr. ! 

 Ji. I. p. 312 ; DC. prodr. i. p. 157; Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 265. 



Borders of salt marshes, Labrador! Newfoundland! and Canada! to 

 Massachusetts ! North West Coast, from Behring's Straits to the mouth of 

 the Oregon ! — Root fusiform, perennial. Stem 1-2 feet high, flexnous. 

 Leaflets l-2i inches long, entire and cuneate at the base, somewhat shining. 

 Fruit about 4-5 lines long, narrowly elliptical ; the intervals with 3, the com- 

 missure with 6 vittffi. Styles very short, diverging. 



■■' "2. L. actmfolium (Michx.): leaves triternately divided; segments ovate, 

 ■ equally dentate-serrate ; umbels numerous, forming a loose naked somewhat 

 verticillate panicle ; involucre and involucels of 2-4 short subulate leaflets ; 

 fruit ovate-oblong ; intervals with 3 vitta; ; the commissure with 6 vittse ; 

 calyx-teeth minute ; styles very short. — Michx. ! Jl. I. p. 166 ,• Pursh, Jl, 

 Jl. 1. p. 193. Thaspium actc-eifolium, Nutt. ! gen. 1. p. 196 ,• DC. prodr. 

 4. p. 155. Angelica lucida. Ell. sk. 1. p. 35? not of Linn. A. lobata, 

 Walt. Car. p. 115/ Ferula Canadensis, Linn. spec. l.p. 247. {fl. Grvnov.! 

 not oihort. Ups.) Angelica lucida Canadensis, &c. Gronov. ! Virg. ed. 1. 



Banks of the St. Lawrence, Mc/ja^a-/ Virginia, near Staunton, Pursh. 

 Woods near Salem, North Carolina, Schweinitz! Milledgeville, Georgia,. 

 Dr. Boykin! Mountains of Rock Castle River, Kentucky, Dr. Short.'— 

 Plant 3-6 feet high. Root large, " with the strong odor of Angelica." Short. 

 Leaves mostly radical : primary divisions of the petiole elongated and naked 

 at the base (3-4 inclies long) ; segments broadly ovate, 2-3 inches long, the 

 terminal one often 3-parted. Umbels on long verticillate peduncles, all but 

 the terminal one usually abortive or nearly so (as in Peucedanum verticil- 

 lare, Koch). Fruit (immature) about 2 lines long.— The Southern plant is 

 possibly distinct from that of Canada; but the two agree minutely m the 

 fruit. Mr. Schweinitz thinks it is the true No7ido or White-root of the 

 Southern States, the roots of which are a favorite food of hogs. 



