640 UMBELLIFER^. Cynapium. 



43. CONIUM. Linn. ; DC. prodr. 4. ^a 242. 



Margin of the calyx obsolete. Petals obcordate, with a short inflexed 

 point. Fruit ovate, compressed at the sides. Carpels with 5 prominent 

 equal undulate-crenulate ribs ; the lateral ones marginal. Intervals with- 

 out vittse. Seed with a deep narrow groove on the face. — Biennial poison- 

 ous herbs. Root fusiform. Stem terete, branched. Leaves decompound. 

 Involucre and involucels 3-5-leaved ; the latter unilateral. Flowers white- 

 — Poison Hemlock. 



f 1. C. maculatum (Linn.): stem glabrous, spotted ; segments of the leaves 



lanceolate, pinnatifid, the lobes acute ; leaflets of the involucel lanceolate, 



shorter than the umbel. — Linn. spec. 1. p. 243 ; Engl. bat. t. 1191 ; Pursh, 



fl. 1. p. 195 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. eel. 2. p. 110, Sf mecl. hot. 1. p. 113, t. 11; 



Torr.! fl. 1. p. 312; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 272. 



Road sides and waste places, common in the Northern and Middle States : 

 introduced from Europe. July. — Root white and fleshy. Stem 2-5 feet 

 high, often spotted with purple. Leaves bright green, with long sheathing 

 petioles. Flowers in terminal umbels. Involucre about 5-leaved. Fruit 

 somewhat gibbous ; the ribs distinctly undulate. — The plant is a powerful 

 narcotic, and the leaves exhale a disagreeable odor when bruised. 



44. EULOPHUS. Nutt. in DC. mem. Umb. p. 69, t. 2, f. M. 



Perideridea, Reichenb. 



Margin of the calyx 5-toothed, at length deciduous. Petals broadly obo- 

 vate, emarginate, Avith a long closely inflexed point. Fruit contracted at the 

 sides and somewhat didymous. Carpels with very indistinct ribs, surrounded 

 with contiguous large vittte. Commissure with 4 vittse. Transverse section 

 of the seed semilunar. Carpoiihore 2-parted. — A perennial glabrous herb. 

 Leaves biternately divided, with long narrow segments. Involucre none, or 

 of 1-2 setaceous leaflets. Involucels of several linear leaflets. Flowers 

 apparently white. 



Differs from Physospermura, to which it is nearly allied, in its numerous vittse. 



• ^ E. Americanus (Nutt. ! 1. c.) — DC. ! I. c, ^* in prodr. 4. j). 248. 



Arkansas, Nuttedl! — Root thick and fusiform, 3-4 feet high. Stem terete, 

 finely striate, sparingly branched above. Cauline leaves with long clasping 

 sheaths ; the ultimate segments lanceolate-linear, acute, half an inch to an 

 inch or more in length : uppermost leaves ternately divided, with long nearly 

 entire segments. Umbels on long slender peduncles, 7-10-rayed, Fruit 

 about 2 lines long, ovate ; the pericarp separating from the seed at the com- 

 missure, leaving a considerable cavity. Vittas in a close row, completely 

 surrounding the seed, so that the ribs can scarcely be seen, filled with a 

 strong terebinthine oil. 



45. CYNAPIUM. Nutt. mss. 



Margin of the calyx obsolete. Petals broadly obovate, emarginate ; the 

 point inflexedi Stylopodium minute, depressed. Styles nearly as long as 



