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TJie Country Gentlenia7i's Magazitie 



ous hot fomentations, alternated by hand 

 friction, using only simple and pure hogs' lard 

 for the purpose of rendering the operation 

 less painful. It is a good plan to let the calf 

 knock the udder about in its natural way of 

 obtaining nourishment, and most imperati(/e 

 that the whole of the milk should be drawn 

 away several times a-day, using great care 

 and avoiding all pressure' or pulling which 

 causes pain. A simple and effectual plan in 

 such cases is to insert a small tube, called a 

 teat-syphon, within the teat, and secure it by 

 means of an elastic band. This instrument, 

 which may be obtained of Arnold & Sons, 

 West Smithfield, is furnished with side loops, 

 to which the band may be first attached, and 

 when inserted the whole length of the teat 

 the band must be passed round the teat also. 

 Sometimes an india-rubber bag is supplied, 

 which is drawn over the teat and thus main- 

 tains the tube in situ. The benefit derived 

 from this mode of draining off the milk as it 

 is formed, frequently obviates the necessity 

 for much active treatment. 



A correspondent who has addressed us 

 upon this subject may be assured his cow 

 is affected with garget, but we must caution 



him against the adoption of the operation he 

 mentions. Such a course is only resorted 

 to when, by reason of severe inflammation, 

 the walls of the teat-tube have been caused to 

 adhen;, or the passage is blocked by false 

 membrane. The practice of opening it is 

 entirely English, not American as our corres- 

 pondent supposes ; but scientific men, with 

 whom it orginated, devised a special instru- 

 ment about as thick'as a large knitting-needle. 

 This is passed carefully up to the top of the 

 teat and by pressure exerted upon handles 

 is caused to expose a small lancet, and as it is 

 withdrawn down the teat a long incision is 

 made. The use of a penknife is improper 

 and entirely American ; but in either case 

 success is not certain. A tube must after- 

 wards for some time be constantly worn, and 

 even then loss is not at all unlikely. 



Theoidinary remedies, injections, are of 

 weak solutions of potash to dissolve the coagu- 

 lated milk in the gland, together with mode- 

 rate doses by the mouth; and to the udder, 

 camphor ointment having belladonna mixed. 

 A good dry bed and freedom from cold winds 

 and wet weather are essentials that must not 

 be forgotten. 



RED WATER IN CATTLE AND SHEEP. 



THE term red water is given when the 

 urine is tinged more or less with 

 blood, from the rupture of some of the blood 

 vessels, when inflammation of the kidneys or 

 the womb occurs. In-calf cows in good con- 

 dition, when not bled or physicked a short 

 time before calving, or when after calving 

 have not got the aromatic laxative draught 

 to relieve the fever that always exists in 

 such cases, too frequently void bloody 

 urine, and should at once be bled and 

 physicked, or it may end fatally. Over- 

 driving also, at this time of the year, says the 

 Irish Sportsman and Farmer, from fair to 

 fair, causes inflammation in the kidneys of 

 both strippers and bullocks ; and shifting 



them suddenly from dry innutritive winter 

 and spring keep, or from poor pastures to 

 rich succulent ones, causes red water. Some 

 pastures are very much prone to the disease, 

 and sudden atmospheric changes from Avarmth 

 to cold, mild and moist, to dry arid weather 

 and the growth of acrid weeds are all fruitful 

 causes of this disease, so that experience proves 

 that derangement of the digestive organs, 

 from some one or more of those causes, pro- 

 duces red water, which, if not arrested in 

 time, destroys more cattle than almost any 

 other disease. Dysentery generally precedes 

 the discharge of bloody urine, constipation 

 sets in, and the urine becomes darker from 

 stage to stage, and assumes the cohnir and 



