acrogews. 115 



Endoqexs, 



1. Growing by internal accretions (197). 



2. Leaves parallel-veined (229) and decaying without falling otf. 



3. Seeds with one cotyledon (126) or monocotyledonoui. 



349. Classes. The gi'oups above mentioned, comprising the 

 whole vegetable kingdom, are again subdivided into six classes. 

 The first two are formed from the subdivision Exogens, and are 

 founded upon the presence or absence of the pericarp ; namely, 



Class I. AxGiosPERMS, (as the oak, rose,) 



1. Ovules produced within an ovary, and 



2. Fertilized by the action of the pollen through the stigma. 



3. Becoming seeds enclosed in a pericarp. 



4. Embryo with two opposite cotyledons. 

 Class II. Gymnosperms, (as the pine, yew,) 



1. 0\'ixles produced naked beneath a scale-like carpel. 



2. Fertilized by the direct action of the pollen without the stigma. 



3. Becoming tiidy naked seeds, that is, destitute of a pericarp. 



4. Embryo mostly with several whorled cotyledons. 



350. The next two classes are foniied from the subdivision 

 Eudogens, and are founded upon the presence and absence of 

 glumes or husks ; namely, 



Class III. Aglu-mace^ or aglumaceous endogens, 



Plants of the endogenous structure with flowers constmcted on the 

 usual plan ; perianth verticillate, of one or more whorls of petaloid 

 organs, or wanting. Ex. lily, orchis, rush. 



Class IV. Glumacejs or glusiaceous endogens, 



Plants of the endogenous structure, the flowers invested in an imbri- 

 cated perianth of glumes instead of a calyx ; as the grasses, grains, 

 sedges. 



351. The Cry]itogamia are separated into two gi-eat classes, 

 called Acrogens and Thallogens ; the former including those 

 tribes which make some approximation towards the Phaenoga- 

 mia, and the latter including the lowest tribes of the vegetable 

 kingdom. As their names indicate, they are distinguished from 

 each other by their manner of growth ; thus, 



Class V. Acrogems (growing from c«k§oc, the summit or point) have a regular 

 stem, or axis, which grows by the extension of the point, or apex only, 

 without increasing at all in diameter, generally furnished with leaves, 

 and composed of cellular tissue and ducts. Ex. ferns, mosses, club- 

 mosses, and the Equisetaceae. 



