PEPo, 55 



cell, opening by a sutiual deliiscence on the iimer side, and 

 bearing seeds at the base, or along the sutme. Ex. peony, col- 

 umbine, silk-weed. 



6. Drupe (stone-fruit) is one-celled, one or two seeded, nide- 

 hiscent, with a hard and bony endocarp (stone), and a moist and 

 pulpy cpicarp and sarcocarp. Ex. plum, cheriy, peach. It also 

 includes those fniits wliich have a fibro-flcshy, or even coria- 

 ceous epicarp, as the walnut, butternut, which kinds of fruit are 

 called drupaceous. 



7. The Nut is a hard, dry, indeliiscent shell, proceeding from 

 an ovaiy which is two or more celled, and two or more oviiled, 

 but becoming by suppression one-celled, and one-ovuled ( 110, a). 

 It differs from the Drupe, in wanting the soft, succulent cover- 

 ing. Listead of tliis it is seated in a kind of persistent involu- 

 cre, called a cupule. Ex. chestnut, oak, beech, hazle. 



8. Caryopsis (kernel). This is a tliin, dry, one-celled peri- 

 carp, inseparable from the seed wliich it encloses. Ex. maize, 

 wheat, Carex. When it is not inseparable from the seed, it is 

 called a utricle, as in the pig-weed ( Chenopodium). 



9. An ACHENiuM is a small, dry, hard, one-celled pericarp, dis- 

 tinct from the seed wliich it contains. Ex. Borago, Ranun- 

 culus, Aster, and the Compositse generally. 



10. Samara (Avingcd fruit). It consists of a diy, indeliiscent, 

 one-seeded pericarp, A\'ith a -wuig-like appendage. Ex. birch, 

 maple. 



11. A PYxis (box) is a capsule which opens by a chcum- 

 sessile deliiscence (115 ; 5), so as to appear like a little cup with 

 a hd. Ex. plantain (Plantago), purslane (Portulaca). 



12. Pome (apple). This is a fleshy, indeliiscent pericarp, 

 formed of the permanent calyx, containing several cartilaginous 

 cai-pels, or cells, wliich enclose the seeds. Ex. apple, peai-, 

 quince. 



13. The PEPO (gourd) is an indehiscent, fleshy fruit, proceed- 

 ing from a compound ovary, either one-ceUed, or entirely filled 

 with pulp. Ex. cucumber, melon, pumpkin. 



14. Berry (Bacca), a succulent, pulpy pericarp, holding the 

 seeds loosely within, with no other covering than its own soft 



