64 



THE FRUIT. 



by dissepiments (85, c) into many cells. The central pillar, or 

 substance formed by the united placentae is called the colu- 

 mella. To this the seeds are generally attached. The seed- 

 vessels of the Lobelia, mullein, pink, poppy, bloodroot ( San- 

 guinaria), are capsules. 



FIG. 17. — Forms of fruit : 1, capsule of Rhododendron ; 2, Nicotiana ; 3, Colchicum ; 

 4, CEnothera ; 5, silique of Raphanus ; 6, silicle of Capsella ; 7, legume of the pea ; 8, jointed 

 legume (loment) of Desmodium ; 9, follicle of Apocynum ; 10, nut of oak ; 11, drupe of 

 Cerasus. 



2. Silique (a pod). This is a long, nan-ow pericarp of two 

 valves, divided into two cells, by a false dissepiment formed by 

 the extended placenta?. The seeds are attached to the edges 

 of this dissepiment, alternating with its opposite sides. Ex. 

 mustard, wallflower, and other Ciaiciferaj. 



3. Silicle (a little pod), differs from the siUque, by being 

 shorter, and more nearly oval. Ex. pepper-grass, shepherd's 

 purse (Thlaspi). The silique and silicle are peculiar to plants 

 with cruciform corollas. 



4. Legume (also a pod), two-valved, one-celled, consists of a 

 simple carpel, and thus differs essentially from the sihque. It 

 bears its seeds attached to the margin of each valve alternately, 

 along the ventral suture only. Ex. pea, and all other plants of 

 the great natural order Leguminosas. The legume, therefore, 

 accompanies the papilionaceous corolla. 



5. Follicle (a bag) is a pericarp with one valve and one 



