SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL SYSTEM. 



Sec> !• Classes and Subclasses. 



1 Flowering plants (Ph^enogamia). 2 



I Flowerless pliints (Cryptogamia). 5 



2 Lv3. net-veined (§ 229, 1). Fls. never wholly trimerous (Exogens). 3 

 2 Lvs. parallel- (rarely net-) veined. Fls. trimerous (Endogens). 4 



3 Stiemas present. Sds. enclosed in a pericarp. 6 ANGIOSPERMS. I 



3 Stig. none. Sds. quite naked. (Conifeh^. CXXXI) GYMNOSPERMS. II 

 4 Sepals and petals verticillatc or 0. Glumes 0. 143 AGLUMACE^. Ill 

 4 Sep. and pet. none. Glumes altern. Fr. 1-s'ded. 163 GLUMACE^. IV 



5 Stems and leaves distinguishable. 164 - - - - ACROGENS. V. 



5 Stems and leaves undistinguishable. 168 - - - THALLOGENS. VI 



6 Petals (or pctaloid sepals) distinct. 7 Polj'petalae. I 



6 Petals united (at least at their bases). 76 - - - - Mouopetalae. II 

 6 Petals 0. Sepals more or less united or none. 116 - Apetalse. Ill 



Sec. II. Orders of the Polypetalous Bxogens. 



7 Herbs (164), annual, biennial or perennial, rarely suffruticose at base. - - 8 



7 Shrubs and trees (164). 54 



8 Leaves alternate or all radical. ---------------- 9 



8 Leaves cauliiie, opposite, at least the lower ones. -- ...--.-38 



9 Stipules (249) present. 34 



9 Stipules none. .-.-----------------10 



10 Polyandrous,— stamens (20—200) indefinite. 11 



10 Oligandrous, — stamens (few) definite. -------------17 



II Stamens (hypogynous) inserted on the receptacle (74, 2d). 12 



11 Stamens (perigynous) inserted on the calyx or corolla. 16 



12 Ovaries simple; fruit acheniate, foUiculate, &c., never capsular. 13 



12 Ovaries united into a compound capsule. ------------15 



13 Leaves never peltate. Seeds albuminous. Ranunculaceje. I 



13 Leaves centrally or subcentrally peltate. Aquatic. 14 



14 Sepals and petals definite (2 — 4). Seeds albuminous. - - Cabombaceje. VH 

 14 Sepals and petals indefinite, numerous. Albumen 0. - - - NelumbiacejE. VIII 



15 Sepals and petals indefinite, numerous. Nymphjsaces. IX 



15 Sepals and petals 5. Lvs. pitcher- or trumpet-form. - Sarraceniace*. X 



15 Sepals 2. Juice usually colored. Papavebace.e. XI 



16 Sepals and petals 5—10. A ' ' ' 'r Jt 



16 Sepals and petals indefinite and confounded. - Cactace.e. LXI 



17 Flowers very irregular. -----------------18 



17 Flowers regular or nearly so. -------------^-20 



18 Filaments 6 or 8, united below into one or two sets. -- 19 



18 Filaments 5, cohering only at top. Balsaminace.e. XXVIII 



18 Filaments 8, distinct. Leaves peltate. Tropjeolace^. XXIX 



18 Filaments 8, distinct. Lvs. bitemate. Vine with tendrils. Sapindaceje. XLIV 



19 Leaves much dissected and divided. Fumariace^. XII 



19 Leaves simple, entire. Polygalaceje. XVI 



20 Ovaries superior (97), free from the calyx ornearly so. - --------21 



20 Ovaries inferior, or wholly adherent to the calyx (97). -- 32 



21 Sepals 2. Fleshy herbs. Pohtulacace«. XXIV 



21 Sepals 3 or more. ......-------22 



22 Sta. (hypogynous) inserted on the receptacle or torus. 23 



22 Stamens (perigynous) inserted on the calyx. ---"""""""" ^J 



23 Sepals, petals and stamens symmetrical (61, c). - - 24 



23 Sepals, petals and stamens unsymmetrical. Fruit a pod. 29 



24 Carpels solitary, fruit simple, one-celled. Beebehidace.e. VI 



24 Carpels 3 — 5, more or less united. -------•"""""■?§ 



25 Leaves simple. ..........---------^o 



25 Leaves compound. .---.-..-------- " " ^| 



26 Ovary and capsule one-celled. Aquatic. Dhoseraceje. XVIU 



26 Ovary and capsule 5 10-celled. ---.-.--- Linace^. XXVI 



27 Plants aquatic. Fr. 2— 5 fleshy achenia. Juice acid. Limnanthaceje. XXX 



27 Plants not aquatic. ""■■'■"'""' ",-v'""" '■v'vvr 



28 Leaves palmately 3-foliate. Juice acrid. Oxalidace.s;. XAAl 



28 Leaves pinnate, with pellucid resinous dots. - - - - RuTACEfi. XXXI V 

 ■ 29FIowerscruciform(105, 1). Pods2-carpeled,2-celled. - Chuciferje. XIU 



29. Flowers not cruciform. ^" 



12 



