312 



LXXV. COMPOSITiE. 



4 Pappus capillary 

 Scales much imbricated. ( Pappus plumose 

 4 spreading, petaloid. 

 Scales in 2 series, . . ( erect, greenish. . 

 ■Ploweraall perfect. CScales in l row or series 



i Receptacle ^ Heads heterogamous. 



(Scales < not chafty. l Heads dioecious, 

 colored. ( Receptacle chafty 

 i Fls. all 4 Invol. imbricated. . 

 < equal. ( Invol. calyculate. . 

 Scales 4 Herbs. ( Ray flowers larger, sterile. . 

 green, i Shrubby. Heads dioecious. 

 {( Scales acute- 4 Achenia smooth, 

 withspinose < cuspidate. ..{ Achenia rugose, 4-angIed. 

 leaves ' Scales emarginate-mucronale 

 <\ Heads homog»mous. 

 with spinose heads only. ( Heads heterocephalous. . 



i Receptacle flat. 

 <i homogamous. ( Receptacle conical. 



5 Heads many, I heterocephalus 



i erect. { Head solitary, terminal 



5 Stem herbaceous, ; climbing and twining 



§ 2. t Stem shrubby. Heads monoecious 



S Heads corymbose. 

 <, erect. \ Heads racemose. . 

 rdry, i, spreading, petaloid, yellow. 

 I ^ green. 



I < erect, close, ( yellowish. 



( Corollas t Scales unarmed, I herbaceous, ( spreading and loose. . 



("Leaves < all equal. < Scales of the involucre doubly spinose 



I alternate. ( Outer corollas enlarged and sterile 



1 i Awns of the achenia retrorsely hispid 



§ 9. LLeaves opposite. < Awns of the achenia upwardly hispid 



{ Heads small. 



{C Involucre < Pappus simple. I Hds. verj- large. 

 J imbricated. ( Pappus double. Hds. midl. size, 

 flat or 1 Involuc. not 4 Outer scales very short or 0. . 

 convex. L imbricated. ( Outer scales equal to the inner. 

 4 Ray flowers pistillate, 

 conical or globose. . . i. Ray flowers neutral. 



4 Achenia quadrangular. 

 ( Pappus minute or 0. i Achenia compressed. 

 (Rays < Pappus of 2 caducous awns. Achenia wingless. 

 \ sterile. ( Pappus of 2 persistent awns. Achenia winged. 

 Receptacle chaflr. ( Rays fertile. Ach. obcompressed (parallel with the scales). 



i Awns of ach. retrorsely hispid, 

 t Involucre double. ( Awns of ach. erectly hispid. . 

 f Rays sterile. Hiivolucre imbricate in 3 or more rows. . 

 I \ Achenia obovoid, thick. . 



\ ( disk sterile. • • • ( Achenia obcompressed, winged. 



I _ •; _ \ Receptacle nearly flat, 



ect. . . . i Receptacle conical . 



S Scales 5, united in 1 row. 

 I ^pinnate. ^ Sc. in 2 rows, outerrow distinct. 



I tLvs. opposite, ? undivided. Scales distinct. 



§ 5. iRecept. notchafly. (Leaves radical, appearing after the solitary head. 



\ Rays white, shorter than scales. 



S Receptacle flat. ( Rays rose color 



i simple. ( Receptacle conical, with large palccB. 

 t Leaves opposite, (pinnately divided. Inner invol. of 8 united scales. 



\ 4 Heads corymbose 



§ 6. ( Leaves all radical ( Head solitary, heterogamous. . . • . 



4 Achenia silky. Rays about 5. . 

 ("Pappus i copious. ( Achenia smoothish. Rays 6 — 100. 

 J simple, (of 2 short bristles and several minute ones. 

 I 4 Heads middle size, 



t. Pappus double. ( Heads very large. 

 ( Pappus capillary. Invol. subsimple. Rays 20—200. 

 xvoi^puiiiio j i i Involucre depressed, broad. 



not chaffy, (.smoothish. ( Pappus none. . . ( Involucre hemispherical. . 



J Rays pistillate. 

 <, Disk fls. yellow. ( Rays neutral. 

 fLvs. finely divided. ^ Disk fls. white. Rays pistillate. 

 J t3or4. . 



J < Rays very .short, white, (5. 



4 7. I. Receptacle chaffy. (. Leaves undivided. ( Rays very large, purple. . 



< in 2—3 rows. 

 $ Scales of the invol. equal, (in 1 row. 

 { Flowers yellow. ( Outer scales shortest, pappus capillary. . 



"Lvs. radical. (Flowers white; pappus plumose 



J Pappus single, bristly. 

 4 Lvs. unarmed. ( Pap. double, outer scaly. 



!( Fls. yellow. ( Lvs. spinose-dentate ; pappus very white. 

 Achenia < Flowers blue. Pappus small, scaly. . . . 

 not rost. ( Fls. whitish or cream color. Pap. copious, capillary. 

 ( with a fili- t Involucre with calyculate scales. . 

 Achenia < form beak. ( Involucre without calyculate scales, 

 rostrate. ( with a short, thick lieak ; involucre imbricate. . 



["Receptacle 

 chaffy. . . LRays fertile. 



58 



49 



("alveolate. 

 ■Receptacle ; 



Vernonia. l 



Liatris. 7 



Hy?nenopapptis. 50 

 Elephantopus. 2 

 Cacalia. 51 



Gtmphaliwin. 54 

 Antcnnaria. 55 

 FLlago. 56 



Pluchea. 23 



Erechtites. 57 



Centaurea. 62 



Baccharis. 24 



Cirsmm. 69 



Onopordon. 67 



Cynara. 68 



Lappa. 70 



Xanthium. 

 Eupatormm. 

 Conoclininm. 

 Ambrosia. 

 Sclerolepis. 

 Mikania. 

 Iva. 



Tanacettmi. 

 Artemisia. 

 XeranOiemum,. 

 Senecio. 

 Bigelovia. 

 Carthamus. 

 Cniciis. 

 Amierboa. 

 Bidens. 

 Coreopsis. 

 Solidago. 

 Inula. 

 C'hrysopsis. 

 Senecio. 

 Calendula. 

 Ilelenium. 

 Leptopoda. 

 Riidbeckia. 

 Lepachys. 

 He.lianthus. 

 Actino7neris. 

 Silphimn. 

 Bidens. 

 Coreopsis, 

 lielianthus. 

 Polyinnia. 

 .Silphium. 

 Verbesina. 

 Heliopsis. 

 Tagetes. 

 Dysodia. 

 Arnica. 

 TussUago. 

 Eclipta. 

 Coreopsis. 

 Zinnia. 

 Dahlia. 

 Nardosm.ia. 9 



Bellis. 15 



Sericocarptis. u 

 Aster. 10 



Boltonia. 17 



Diplopappvs. 12 

 Caltistephui. 14 

 Erigeron. 13 



Leueanthemum. 40 

 Chrysanthemum.iz 

 Anthemis. 37 



Marvta. 38 



AchiUea. 39 



Verbesina. 47 



Parthenium. 28 

 Echinacea. 31 



Troximon. 81 



Krigia. 72 



Taraxicum. 82 

 Leontodon. 74 



Hieracium. 79 



Cynthia. 73 



Sonchv^. 83 



Cichorinm. 71 



Nabalvs. 80 



Lactiica. 77 



Tragopogon. 75 

 Mulgediioii. Ts 



33 



