Aster. LXXV. COMPOSITE. 319 



rate, acuminate, the lower ones cordate, petiolate ; petioles naked ; invol. oblong, 

 imbricate with closely appressed, obtuse scales. — Common in diy woods, N. and 

 Mid. States. Stem 2f high, smooth, often reddish, more or less flexuous. 

 Leaves large, mostly smooth, lower ones cordate-acuminate, with sharp serra- 

 tures, middle ones ovate, upper ones becoming lanceolate. Flowers in a broad, 

 fiat-topped corymb, large, very open, with about 6 long, narrow, white rays. Aug. 



2. A. MACROPHYLLUs. Willd. (Eurybia macrophylla. Cass.) Large-leaved 

 Aster.— St. branched, diffuse ; lis. ovate, petiolate, serrate, rough, upper 



ones ovate-lanceolate, sessile, lower ones cordate, petiolate ; petioles somewhat 

 winged ; invol. cylindric, closely imbricate with oblong, acute scales. — Distin- 

 guished for its very large root leaves which are 6 — 10' by 3 — 5'. Grows in 

 woods, N. States and Can. Stem furrowed, 1 — 2f high. Leaves nearly smooth. 

 Rays about 13, white or pale blue. Sept. 



§ § Scales imbricated, icith spreading, green tips. Bays 12 — 30. Pap- 

 pus bristles rigid, some of them thickened upwards. Heads large, 

 corymbose. Lower leaves never cordate, cauline sessile, rigid. Calli- 



ASTRUM. T. & G. 



3. A. Radula. Ait. Rasp-leaved Aster. 



St. erect, simple below, angular ; Ivs. lanceolate, acuminate, narrowed 

 towards the base, sessile, serrate, rugose and rough; invol. imbricate, scales 

 appressed, with small, spreading green tips. — Moist groves and hedges. Me. to 

 Penn. ! Not common. Height 1— 3f. Distinguished for its stiff, narrow, 

 sharply serrate leaves which abundantly clothe the straight, smooth stem. 

 Branches nearly naked, undivided, each having a single large head, rarely 

 more. Rays numerous, short, white or purplish. The lower leaves are some- 

 times ovate-lanceolate. Aug. Sept. 



4. A. sPECTABiLis. Ait. Skoiinj Aster. 



St. erect ; Ivs. somewhat scabrous, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, entire, lower 

 ones serrate in the middle ; branches corymbose ; hds. hemispherical, with nu- 

 merous, squarrose-spreading, ciliate scales. — A low Aster of pine barrens. Mass, ! 

 to Ky. Stem straight, 1— 2f high, branching above into a nearly simple co- 

 rymb of 10—15 heads, which are large and showy, with many long, blue rays. 

 Sept.— Nov. 



5. A. GRACILIS. Nutt. Slender Aster. 



St. minutely-pubescent, corymbose at summit ; Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, in- 

 cisely and remotely serrulate, "narrowed to the sub-clasping base; cmymb 

 loose, spreading; scales linear-oblong, whitish, with green, spreading tips ; rays 

 about 12.— Pine barrens, N. J. Stems clustered, 12 — 14' high, purplish, leafy, 

 slender. Leaves 1 — 2i' long, glabrous, opaque, lower ones somewhat spatu- 

 late. Corymb simple or compound. Rays pale violet, about as long as the 

 involucre. Sept. 



^ ^ § Scales green, or with green tips. Rays 00. Pappus bristles soft, 

 none of them thickened upwards. Achenia compressed. Aster proper. 

 * Lower leaves cordate, petiolate. Heads paniculate. 



6. A. coRDiFOLius. Heart-leaved Aster. 



St. paniculate, smoolhish ; lower Ivs. cordate, hairy beneath, sharply ser- 

 rate, acuminate, petiolate ; petioles winged ; invol. closely imbricate, the scales 

 with short, green tips. — Common in rocky woods, N. and W. States. Stem 

 smooth below, more or less pubescent above, a little flexuous, striate, 2f high, 

 with a handsome panicle of racemes at top of numerous, rather small flowers. 

 Rays 10—15, pale blue varying to white. Lower leaves large, cordate, with a 

 deep sinus at base, the serratures very acute, the summit ending in a long, 

 acute point, slightly rough above, hairy and paler beneath. Petioles more or 

 less winged, hairy. Above, the leaves are gradually reduced to small or mi- 

 nute bracts. Sept. 



7. A. SAGiTTiFOLius. Arrow-lcaved Aster. 



St. with racemose branches above, smooth ; Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, sessile, serrate in the middle, radical ones ovate, oblong, cordate-sagittate, 



