452 CIV. OLEACE^. Syringa. 



a 5-cleft, urceolate corona, terminating in 5 filiform awns ; filaments 

 distinct, 'anthers cohering, bearded on the back ; pollinia solitary, 4- 

 lobed ; follicles 2, smooth, divaricate ; seeds comose. — Twining shrubs. 

 Fls. in umbels or cymes. 



P. GKlECk. » !• V 



Lvs. ovate, acuminate; corymbs axillary; coi: villous withm— A climb- 

 in'' '^hrub 10—151' long, sparingly naturalized in Western N. Y., also culti- 

 vated in gardens. Leaves opposite, 3—4' long, \ as wide, and on petioles J' 

 lono- Flowers in long, branching, axillary peduncles. Sepals minute, lan- 

 ceolate, acute. Petals very hairy within, linear, obtuse, dark purple. Folli- 

 cles about 2' long. Aug. 



Order CIII. JASMINACE^.— Jasminworts. 



Shrubs, often with twining stems. Lvs. opposite or alternate, mostly compound. 



Fls. opposite, in corymbs, white or yellow, mostly fragrant. 



Cai. divided or toothed, persistent. . , . j u • . • *• .„„ 



Cor. regular, hypocrateriform, limb m 5-8 di^asions, twisted-imbricate m aestiTOtion. 



Sta. 2, arising from the corolla and included withm its tube. 



Ova free, 2-celled, each cell with 1 erect ovule. Sfr/. 1. Stig.i-lobed. 



Fr. either a double berry, or a capsule separable into 2. Sfto. 2. 



Genera 5, species 100, ornamental shrubs abounding in tropical India. The essential oil which Pervade* 

 the order, Residing chietiy in the flowers, is exquisitely flagrant. On this account, as weU as for their 

 beauty, many of these plants are cultivated. 



J A S M I N U M. 



Gr. iac-[in, perfume ; from the fragrance of the flowers. 



Calyx tubular, 5— 10-cleft; corolla hypocrateriform, tube long, 

 limb flat, 5— 10-cleft; berry double; seeds 2, solitary, ariled.— 

 Shrubs husky or climbing. Lvs. opposite^ compound. Petioles articu- 

 lated, tis. paniculate. 



1. J. FRUTiCiNS. Yellow Jasviine. —G\a.hrons, erect; ira^cte angular; lvs. 

 alternate, trifoliate, rarely simple; Ifls. curved; Jls. few, subterminal ; cal. seg- 

 ments subulate; cor. tube twice longer than the calyx, limb of 5, obtuse lobes.— 

 S. Europe. Stem 3f high. Flowers yellow, inodorous, tube about 6" long. 

 Propagated by layers, f 



2. J. OFFICINALE. WkUe Jasminc—Smooth, scarcely climbing ; branches suh- 

 angulate; Ifts. 3—7, lanceolate, acuminate; panicle.'^ terminal, few-flowered, 

 corymbose ; car. tube twice longer than the calyx.— Asia. Stem several feet in 

 length. Flowers white. Both species are beautiful and much cultivated. The 

 deliciously fragrant oil of Jasmine of the shops is extracted from this plant, f 



Order CIV. OLEACEiE.— Olives. 



Trz-es and s/jrwfts, with opposite, simple, sometimes pinnate leave.s. . 



F/s. perfect (sometimes riicBcious). Sepals united at base, persistent. [vatipn ; rarely p. 



Cor.— Petals 4, united below, sometimes distinct but connected in pairs by the filaments, valvate in ffisti- 



Sta. 2, alternate with the petals. Anth. 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. 



Oua. free, 2celled. Ot'Mto in pairs, pendulous. &7i//e 1 or o. S^g-ma entire or bifid. 



Fr. drupaceous, baccate or samarae, usually 1-seeded by abortion. 



S'd.s.— Albumen dense, fleshy, abundant, twice as long as the straight eTOiryo. 



Genera 24, species 130, natives of temperate climates. The ash is verj' abundant in N. America. The 

 Phillyreas and the Syringas are all Oriental. 



Properties— Olive oil is expressed from the pericarp of the olive (Olea Europsea). The bark of this 

 tree, and also of the ash, is bitter, astringent and febrifugal. Manna, a sweet, gentle purgative, is the 

 concrete discharge of several species of the Fraxinus, particularly of the European F. Ornus. The spe- 

 cies of the ash are well known tor their useful timber. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



( Corolla tube long, including the short stamens. .... Syringa. 1 



{ S limb of spreading, ovate segments. . . . Lygvstrum. 2 



^colored.? Corolla tube short, Mimb of long, linear -segments Chionanthus. 3 



Flowers { green. Fruit a simple samara. Trees with pinnate leaves, .... Fraxinus. 4 



1. SYRINGA. 



Gr. avpiv^, a shepherd's pipe ; from the use once made of its branches. 



Calyx small, teeth erect ; Gorolla hypocrateriform, tube several 



