Carex. CLX. CYPERACE^. 581 



bifid, concavo-convex, scabrous on the margin, longer than the oblong, lanceo- 

 late glume ; St. 1 — 3f high, acutely triangular. — Plant yellowish-green. Com- 

 mon in fields and meadows on colder soils. 



38. C. TENUIFL6R.4. Wahl. 



Spikelets 2 — 3, ovate, clustered, sessile, alternate, lower one bracteate ; 

 perig. ovate-oblong, acutish, plano-convex, equaling the oblong-ovate, hyaline 

 or white glume ; st. a loot or more high, slender, subprostrate, longer than the 

 flat and narrow leaves. — Light green. Spikelets whitish. Burlington and 

 Salem, Vt., in swamps, Bobbins, Oriskany and Ogdensburg, N. Y., Kneirskern, 

 Southampton, Mass., Chapman. 



39. C. CYPEROiDES. 



Spikelets ovate, closely aggregated into a head, with long and leafy bracts ; 

 perig. ovate, long-lanceolate, or drawn into a long awn scabrous on its edges, 

 slightly stipitate, 2-tooihed, a little longer than the lanceolate and cuspidate 

 glume ; plant very pale green. — Jeiferson Co., N. Y. — first found in our coimtry 

 last summer, by Dr. Crawe. 



40. C. MusKiNGUMENsis. Schw. 



Spikelets oval-oblong, 5 — 10, somewhat tapering at both ends, large and 

 approximate, close-flowered, dry and chatf-like ; perig. lanceolate, compressed, 

 thin, distinctly winged, biaentate, nerved, acuminate, twice longer than the 

 ovate-lanceolate glume ; plant light green in all its parts. — Common in Ohio 

 and Mich., 18—36' high. 



41. C. LiDDoNi. Boott. 



Spikelets 5 — 7, oblong-ovate, closely aggregated ; perig. ovate, lanceolate, 

 acuminate, oblique at the orifice, glabrous, on the margin serrulate, scarcely 

 longer than the ovate-lanceolate glume, which is acute and hyaline on the edges ; 

 perig. and glumes rather chestnut brown ; plant yellowish-green. — Arctic Am., 

 Boott, Mich., Dr. Cooky. 



C. Stamens and Stigmas on separate spikes. 



1. Staminate spike single. 



42. C. AUREA. Nutt. (C. pyriformis. Schw.) 



(^ Spike short, cylindric, pedunculate ; 9 spikes 3, oblong, loose-flowered, 

 subpendulous, exsertly pedunculate, subapproxiraate, bracteate ; perig. globose, 

 obovate or pear-form, obtuse, nerved, entire at the mouth, longer than the ovate, 

 acute or short-mucronate glume ; st. 3 — 10' high, slender, often subprocumbent. 

 — Plant glabrous, green. Common in wet grounds. 



43. C. SAXATILIS. 



(^ Spike oblong, thick ; 9 spikes 2 or 3, oblong, obtuse, sessile, lower pe- 

 dunculate ; perig. elliptic, plano-convex, obtuse, short-rostrate, about equaling 

 the oblong and obtuse glume ; 5/. 6 — 10' high, erect, with long and leafy sheaths 

 and bracts. — Spikes nearly black. White Mts., N. H., Barratt; woods, Vt., 

 Pursh. 



44. C. coNcoLOR. R. Bi'. 



(^ Spike erect, cylindric ; 9 spikes 2 — 3, erect, subsessile, cylindric ; perig. 

 oval, entire, smooth, mucronate, about equal to the oblong and obtuse glume ; 

 St. 10 — 15' high, smooth, leafy below ; bracts auriculate ; ^ spike sometimes 

 pistillate above. — White Mts., N. H., Boott. Closely related to C. ccespitosa, L., 

 but has a smooth stem ; scales of light color. 



2. Staminate spikes one or more, and the upper part of the pistillate sometimes 



staminate. 



45. C. RiGiDA. Good. 



(^ Spike oblong, cylindi'ic, rarely 2 ; <J spikes 2 — 3, oblong, cylindi'ic, 

 densely-flowered, short and thick, approximate, lower one subpedicellate, with 

 a bract surpassing the stem ; perig. ovate, obtusish, entire at the orifice ; glume 

 nearly twice longer than the mature fruit and subequal before ; st. 3 — 8' high, 

 thick and stiff', often recurved ; Ivs. stiff and glaucous.- — Ipswich, Ms., Oakes. 

 Has been confpounded with C. ccespitosa. 



