Carex. CLX. CYPERACE.E. 583 



II. Stigmas three. 



D. iSpikes ajidrogynous. MoncEcious. 



I« Stamens at the su7nmit. 



a> Spike single. 



53. C. POLYTRicHoiDEs. Muhl. (C. microstachya. 3Ix.) 



Spike oblong, terminal ; perig. 3 — 8, oblong, alternate, subtriquetrous, gla- 

 brous, emarginate, twice longer than the ovate and obtuse, and rarely mucro- 

 nate glume; st. 4 — 12' high, very slender, with setaceous and subradical leaves. 

 — Common in wet and cold grounds. 



54. C. LENEOGLocHiN. Ehrh. (C. pauciflora. Lighffoof.) 



Spike about 4-flowered, with 1 or 2 J* flowers at the apex ; perig. lanceo- 

 late, subtriquetrous and tapering, much reilexed, twice longer than the oblong- 

 lanceolate glume; St. 3 — 8' high, with subradical and linear leaves. — In Ashfield 

 and Hawley, Mass., in a marsh, Porter. 



b. One or more radical peduncles with a single spike. 



55. C. PEDCNCCLATA. Muhl. 



Spikes about 5, 3-sided, distant, long, recurved, pedunculate ; perig. obo- 

 vate, triquetrous, recurved at the apex, commonly glabrous, a little longer than 

 the oblong or obovate, mucronate glume; sL 4 — 12' high, triangular, rather 

 procumbent; sta. sometimes removed a little from the 9 spike. — Common in 

 woods. Flowers early in the .spring. 



56. C. WiLLDENOWii. Schk. 



Sts. or radical ped. 1 — 3 ; spike commonly single, stameniferous above, or 

 the stamens removed a little ; perig. 3 — 6, alternate, loose, oblong and inflated a 

 little, tapering at the base and conic-rostrate above ; 9 glumes ovate and acute 

 the lower ones long and leaf-like, much surpassing the stem. — On dry grounds' 

 common throughout the U. S.— One variety has the J> spike distinct; another 

 is destitute of the long and leafy scales, and is frequent at the North as well as 

 in Flor. 



57. C. Stexdelii. Kth. 



Sts. or radical ped. 1 — 8' long ; spike commonly single, stameniferous 

 above; perig. 1 — 4, subglobose or ellipsoid and inflated, alternate, stipitate, 

 terete and conic-rostrate, with an oblique orifice ; 9 glumes usually long and 

 leafy ; Ivs. smooth, soft, narrow, longer far than the stems. — Jefferson Co., N. Y., 

 and in Ohio and the Western States. 



58. C. Backii. Boott. 



Ped. radical, 1 — 4f high, stiif, thick or large; spike single, commonly sta- 

 meniferous above, short ; perig. ovate, globose, smooth, conic-rostrate, entire at 

 the orifice, when mature pear-"shaped, the beak articulated to the fruit ; 9 glwnes 

 usually long and leaf-like, enclosing the fruit; Ivs. radical, flat, thick, rough or 

 scabrous and short. — Jeflerson Co., N. Y. and Arctic Am. — The three preceding 

 species are closely related, and yet look very diflerent. 



2. Spikes staminate at the base. 

 Ct Spikes one, often more. 



59. C. SaUARROSA. 



Spikes 1 — 4, oblong, cylindric, obtuse, upper one attenuated below at first 

 by the decurrent, (f flowers, all very densely flowered ; perig. ovate, subglobose, 

 long-rostrate, 2-toothed, horizontal, glabrous and subsquarrose, longer than the 

 lanceolate glume ; st. 1 — 2f high, slender for the large spike or spikes ; lower 

 spikes pedunculate. — Large and fine. It is C. typhirea Mx. when only one spike 

 is present. 



(S. (C typhinoides. Schw.) Spikes 2, the lower on a very long peduncle, and 

 both longer and smaller. 



E. Spikes dicEcious. 



60. C. SCIRPOIDEA. Mx. 



Spike oblong, cylindric, acutish ; ^ glume oblong, obtusish ; perig. ovate, 

 (oval), subrostrate, pubescent, longer than the ovate, acutish glume, scarious 

 on the edge ; st. 4 — 10' high, erect ; Ivs. flat and long. — White Mts., N. H., Oakes. 



