Carex. CLX. CYPERACE^. 585 



68. C. PENN-sYLVANicA. Lam. (C. marginata. Muhl.) 



(^ Spike erect, pedunculate, suDtriquetrous, with an obtuse glume ; 9 

 spikes 1 — 3, ovate, subsessile, .subapproximate, few-flowered ; perig. ovate-glo- 

 bose, tomentose, .short-rostrate, slightly 2-toothed, about equal to the ovate- 

 acuminate, or oblong-acuminate, deep reddish glume ; st. 4 — 12' high, erect, 



stiff, with short leaves. — Open woods and hedges, common much resembles 



the preceding, but larger in all its parts, and readily distinguished by its differ- 

 ent aspect and its deep reddish-brown scales. 



69. C. Emmonsii. Dew. 



(^ Spike sessile, short ; 9 spikes 2 — 3, approximate, sessile, few-flowered, 

 often one long radical peduncle ; perig. globose-triqiietrous, attenuated at the 

 base, rostrate, pubescent, at the orifice oblique, about equal to the ovate glume ; 

 St. decumbent, 6 — 10' high, leafy at the base, pale ash-green. — On dry fields 

 and hills ; common. 



70. C. Nov^i-ANGLia;. Schw. 



(^ Spike short, slender, oblong ; ^ spikes 2 — 3, ovate, alternate, sessile, 

 remotish, few-flowered, bracteate ; peng. 3—6, oval-triquetrous, rostrate, cos- 

 tate, slightly pubescent, a little longer than the ovate, mucronate glume ; st. 

 4 — 8' high, slender, subdecumbent, longer than the leaves. — Pale green. Open 

 woods in high grounds. 



p. colkcta. Dew. (C. collecta. Dew.) St. 10 — 16' high, very slender erect; 

 9 spikes 2 — 4, lower short-pedunculate ; perig. more tapering into a beak, 

 slightly bidentate. — High lands of Mass. ; not abundant. 



71. C. UMBELLATA. Schk. 



J' Spike short, erect ; 9 spikes several, each on its radical peduncle, ovate, 

 subumbellate ; perig. ovate or globo.se, 5—8, acutish at either end, rostrate, 

 short-bid entate, pubescent, equaling the ovate-lanceolate glume; st. J — 4' high, 

 with very long leaves. 



p. ricina. Dew. lor'i 9 spikes close to the (^, sessile ; tlie other Q spikes on 

 their own stems or radical peduncles. — In small tufts on dry hills. Both varie- 

 ties grow on the same root, but Schk. saw and figured only the fii'st. 



72. C. PRECOX. Jacq. 



(^ Spike erect, subclavate ; ^ spikes 1 — 3, ovate, bracteate, approximate, 

 lower one short-pedunculate ; perig. 6 — 12, ovate and subglobose, triquetrous, 

 pubescent, short-rostrate, equal to the ovate, acute, or mucronate glume ; st. 

 2 — 6' high, leafy at the base. — On rocky hills, Salem, Mass., Pickering, Ips- 

 wich, Mass., Oakes. 



2. Pistillate spikes with nearly inclosed peduncles. 



73. C. VESTiTA. Willd. 



(^ Spike single, rarel)' 2, cylindric, oblong ; 9 spikes 2, ovate-oblong, ses- 

 sile, subapproximate, bracteate, often with stamens above ; perig. ovate, oblong, 

 subtriquetrous, nerved, short-rostrate, bifid, pubescent, a little longer than the 

 ovate-oblong, acutish, submucronate glume ; st. 18 — 30' high, acutely triangu- 

 lar and leaf}^ below. — Common in wet places over the country. 



74. C. puBEscENs. Muhl. 



9 Spikes 2 — 3, oblong, rather loose-flowered, erect, bracteate, the lowest 

 pedunculate ; perig. ovate-triquetrous, rostrate, nearly entire at mouth, pubes- 

 cent, a little longer than the ovate-oblong, carinate, mucronate glume; st. 

 10 — 20' high, and with the leaves, pubescent. — Moist woods and meadows ; 

 common. 



75. C. FLAVA. L. 



9 Spikes 2 — 4, ovate-oblong, approximate, sometimes androgynous ; perig. 

 ovate, closely imbricate, costate, bidentate, reflexed with a long, curved beak, 

 longer than the ovate-lanceolate glume; st. 10 — 20' high, rather obtusely 

 angled or triquetrous ; glabrous ; yellowish-green. — Wet and cold soils ; com- 

 mon. 



76. C. LEPiDOCARPA. Taush. 



9 Spikes 1 — 3, short and round-ovate, often aggregated, sessile, dense- 

 flowered, the lowest sometimes remote and pedunculate ; perig. ovate, trique- 



