LYCoroDiuM. CLXlil. LYCOPODlACEiE. 625 



high ; the fertile with 4 — 5 Avhorls of branches from the base of the sheaths 

 which are 2 — 3' apart, and cleft into several large, tawny red teeth or segments ; 

 the sterile taller and more slender, Avith more numerous whorls of branches. 

 The branches are all subdivided and curved downwards. Spike oval-cylindric, 

 pedicellate. May. 



4. E. VARiEGATUM. Smith. (E. scorpoides. Mx.) 



Csespitose; sts. branching at base, filiform, scabrous; spike blackish; 

 sheaths 3-toothed, blackish, teeth membranaceous, whitish, deciduous at the 

 tips. — Hilly woods. Free States and Brit. Am. Stems numerous, 3 — 6' long, 6- 

 furrowed (5-furrowed. Beck), sheaths very short, 1 — 2' apart. Spikes small, 

 ovoid, terminal. Not common. July. 



5. E. LiMosuM. (E. uliginosum. Willd.) Pipes. 



Sts. somewhat branched, erect, striate-sulcate ; bi-anclws from the middle 

 joints, simple, short, 5-sided, smooth; spike oblong-ovoid; sheaths appressed. — 

 Borders of ponds and swamps, frequent. Stems 2— 3f high, slender, rarely sim- 

 ple, generally with 2 — 6 whorls of branches about the middle. Branches very 

 in-egular in length and position. Sheaths 3 — 4" long, white at the summit, tipped 

 with as many black, subulate teeth as there are furrows (15—20). This spe- 

 cies is greedily devoured by cattle. July. 



6. E. PALUSTRE. Marsh Horsetail. 



Sts. branched, smooth, sulcate ; branches simple, pentagonal, curved up- 

 wards; sAra^/t somewhat appressed, remote, 10-toothed at the apex; spike oblong, 

 dark brown. — Marshes, common. Stems 1 — 2f high, deeply furrowed. Branches 

 short and like the other species produced in whorls from the bases of the sheaths, 

 at first horizontal, finally bending to an upright position. Spike an inch long. 

 May, June. 



Order CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE^.— Club Mosses. 



Ste.ms creeping or erect, branching, rarely simple, abounding in ducts. 

 Leaves smaM numerous, crowded, entire, lanceolate or subulate, 1-nerved. 

 Inflorescence axillary, or crowded into a sort ofament or spike. 



r^« oftwo kinds in the same plant, sessde, 1, often 2-celled • . • ■ fpowder. 



Bpores few, rather large in some ot the theca;, other thecai contaming minute grains, appearing hke hne 

 T ike the Eauisetacefe, these plants appear to have been very abundant in the first ages of the world, 

 nriH to have atta'ined a gigantic size, though at present but a few feet m length. Properties unimportant. 

 Some are emetic. The powder contained in the thecae is highly inflammable, and is used in the manu- 

 facture of fire- works. Genera 5, species 200. 



Genera. 



Leaves cauline, on erect or creeping stems. Lympodium. I 



Leaves or fronds ratUcal, long, luiear-aubulate Isoetis. 2 



1. LYCOPODIUM. 



dr. 'Xvnoi, a woU^ ttovs, a foot ; from some fancied resemblance. 



Thecse axillary, sessile, 1-celled, some of them 2-valved, filled with 

 minute, farinaceous grains, others 3-valved, containing several larger 



globular spores. 



* Inflorescence in pedimculate spikes. 



1 L. CLAVATUM. (L. tristachium.- Nutt.) Common Club Moss. 



St. creeping ; branches ascending ; Ivs. scattered, incurved, capillaceous- 

 acuminate ; spikes in pairs, rarely in 3s, cylindrical, pedunculate ; brads of the 

 spike ovate, acuminate, erosely denticulate.— A well known evergreen, traihng 

 upon the ground in shady pastures and woods, common. Stem and branches 

 clothed with numerous linear-lanceolate leaves which are entire or serrulate, 

 and end in a pellucid, curved bristle. Spikes perfectly straight, parallel, erect, 

 and upon an erect peduncle. Jidy. 



2 L. COMPLANATUM. Ground Pine. 



St trailing ; branches dichotomous ; Ivs. 4-ranked, unequal, the margmal 

 ones connate, diverging at apex, the superficial ones solitary, appressed; ped. 

 elongated, supporting 4—6, cylindric spikes.— A trailing evergreen, common m 

 woods and shady grounds. Stem round, creeping among the moss and leaves, 

 often lOf in length. Branches numerouslv subdivided, compressed, somewhat 

 resembling the branchlets of the cedar. Leaves minute, very acute. July. 



