Nichols: The vegetation of Connecticut 



257 



The second phase of flood plahi development may well be 

 designated the Strand Stage (Fig. 8). The surface of the ground 

 is exposed for a longer or shorter period during summer, but is 

 covered with water during winter. Certain algae, such as Vaiicheria 

 and Botrydium, are common here, as are also ephemeral bryophytes, 

 such as Riccia, Ephemernm, and Physcomitnum immersum. The 

 predominant vascular plants are either annuals or herbaceous 

 perennials (or biennials) — forms which are able to develop between 

 successive periods of submergence. On the lower, muddier parts 



Fig. S. a typical, low, tlood plain strand along the Connecticut River, at East 

 Windsor. Vegetation mostly herbaceous, but seedlings of willow and cottonwood 

 abundant. 



of the strand, species with more or less pronounced amphibious 

 proclivities may be well represented: such, for example, as 

 Echinochloa Walteri, Eleocharis aciculare, Penthorum sedoides, and 

 Liidvigia palustris. A list of other species characteristic of the 

 strand stage is here given. 



Equisetum arvense 

 Panicum agrostoides 

 Leersia virginica 

 Cyperiis strigosus 

 Juncus effusns 

 Rtimex crispus 



Polygon um pennsylvamcum 

 Radicula palustris 

 Gnaphalium uliginosum 

 Ambrosia trifida 

 Xanthiiim echinatum 

 Bidens vulgatum 



